Dissolving an Event Horizon
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- Опубліковано 15 тра 2024
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Black hole singularities break physics - fortunately, the universe seems to conspire to protect itself from their causality-destroying madness. At least, so says the cosmic censorship hypothesis. Only problem is many physicists think it might be wrong, and that naked singularities may exist after all.
Hosted by Matt O'Dowd
Written by Matt O'Dowd
Graphics by Leonardo Scholzer, Yago Ballarini, & Pedro Osinski
Directed by: Andrew Kornhaber
Camera Operator: Bahaar Gholipour
Executive Producers: Eric Brown & Andrew Kornhaber
End Credits Music by J.R.S. Schattenberg: / @jrsschattenberg
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Instructions unclear, now I have an event horizon without a singularity.
Well, you do have one each time you make a step so no biggie.
:O
I was worried how that sentence was going to end.
@@TheExoplanetsChannel Watch the Unruh effect video. As long as you undergo acceleration you are causally disconnected with some part of the distant universe, you create an event horizon.
Kate Orman hahahahaha
I’m sick and tired of these UA-cam videos telling me not to try this at home. If I want to try to dissolve an event horizon, I will and you can’t stop me. All I need is a salad spinner, electric tape and a can of peaches.
Nope sorry. You are describing the way to make free energy.
You might want to add a buttered cat to the list. It will provide all the energy needed for the experiment
Screw society. I *need* to see this.
looooooooooooooooooooooool
get me an avocado, an icepick, and my snorkel
What to do when you got time to spare due to lockdown:
1. -find a way to order bread-
2. -work from home-
3. *find out how to dissolve an event horizon for the sake of breaking physics.*
actually, this could offer a neat way to fix the problems of point particles.
We all have different coping mechanisms, and I discovered already that I can't bake bread, so breaking physics it is.
@@tompatterson1548 yee and you just break about everything else! :P
It's been 14 months, I have now become the event horizon.
"Naked singularities make physicists very, uncomfortable"
-Matt O'Dowd
"You... make the lord very nervous!"
Haha
These young singularities show too much skin. Their parents are too permissive.
Back in my day, the universe was opaque so nobody had to deal with these obscenities.
Then those hippie hydrogen atoms came up with their Recombination revolution, and it was all downhill from then.
@@thenasadude6878 ok universal boomer
@@thenasadude6878 Yeah well it only happened due to you cooling down too much Dad! You never kept us safe and warm so we were forced together by the strong force YOU were supposed to protect us against, and now our kids have to make their own heat by clumping together into a 'star' all because of you
I read a comment on a similar type of video saying "Of course they exist, i get notifications about naked singularities near me all the time." and now I can't keep a straight face anytime I hear the word.
Matt: "Black holes are their own space-time."
Me: You mean time-space.
because space and time are reversed inside a black hole?
You are a beautiful human being Steve hinkle, thank you
@@metarus208 Yes. Also, my comment that you replied to is also at the top! How weird. Kinda like black holes.
They should definitely do a Time-space episode, where they use comments as topics for the episode and matt asks questions at the end, to be answered last week.
Haha @Last First
Me: *understands episode perfectly for once and starts really wanting to see the defined state of a naked singularity*
Matt: "You'll have to wait..."
Me: NOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
Still waiting!
Is it out yet? :(
_LIT-ER-A-LLY_ lol. I made a comment saying those same two things a year ago also. I said like "nooooooo, don't leave us on a cliffhanger," and then I asked the comment section if anyone else also weirdly genuinely followed and understood this video. I just stumbled back to this video by accident today, and I saw my past comment again, and then a few comments down was yours which was pretty cool hahaha
Is that video out yet? I'm still looking for it.
So far all Matt has said which partially answers what we're after is: Naked singularities induce event horizons. Infinite density causing maximum speed and maximum relativistic time dilation at their surface. The true merger of volume and surface so information is not lost: the entire singularity is the event horizon. Singularities convert standard concepts into others. And this is actually important for the sake of the universe as it shows that space, time and matter are far more linked than just being sets of rules we place for their interactions: time within the singularity becomes space/distance from the centre and of course vice versa. Matter of the singularity is stretch and spaghettified entirely according to its own true density to perfectly grow the rest of the singularity. The way the singularities interact with the rest of the universe causse each to shine in a unique pattern depending on what that blackhole ate [hawking radiation]. Matt explains all of this over the course of a few recent episodes.
Matt is quite determined to see a singularity naked.
The isolation must be really getting to him.
@Astute Cingulus I think the guy you were arguing with deleted his comments.
Pervert!
@Astute Cingulus whoever you are talking no longer is, but you look a bit harsh with it XD
Also, supersymetry isnt disproven yet...
imagine doing something so illegal so bad that the universe itself physically censeore you
I wish I could do that to my search history
that is how cloaking devices work in The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy.
If only the universe could speak..
@@TomSky00 don't be so sure it can't ;-)
@@seanpeacock4290 I mean, that is the basis of the Someone Else's Problem field. Which Doctor Who rebadged as the 'Perception Filter', but I'm sure they were familiar enough with Adams' work on Doctor Who to glibly borrow from H2G2.
Matt has gone so deep within physics that if you haven't watched along, you'll have to watch everything before any of this makes "sense".
This is supposed to make sense?
Well Google is your friend to fill in blanks if he hasn't made a video about it. It's assumed that viewers are beyond high school and freshman college stuff known or theorized 80 years ago. Much of what he talks about is dumbed down (about as much as it can be) versions of cutting edge papers written in the past year or so with some still getting peer-reviewed. If you have no idea about basics like how or why a black hole forms, then yeah you are going to be totally clueless and he might as well be speaking Greek.
@@zackarytherrien According to Richard Feynman, no.
Just use some pot, it is faster
@@Lamster66 I have no problem doing that. Quit wasting time on real life and do some reading, what I've done since 2006 (lockdown? What lockdown?).
how to spot theoretical math: there is an infinity in there, which is the mathematical equivalent to "idk, probably a lot"
Math infinities are weird. For example I've been told that there's an equal number of odd numbers as there are total numbers, because they're both infinite.
@@OnlyKaerius infinity is not an amount so equality works different/weird. In the case of whole vs odd numbers its because any odd number is twice a whole number plus 1, so you can get a single odd from every single number, therefore they have a 1-1 "size" ratio, so they are equal. But not all infinities are, you for example cant pair every real number with a single whole number, even if you consider a finite interval
@@OnlyKaerius that actually makes sense; mathematically
@@antaresmc4407 Erm, not quite. Rational ("fractional") numbers are countably infinite, just like whole numbers, which means that they can indeed be paired 1:1.
You're probably thinking of the real numbers, which are uncountably infinite even when restricted to a finite interval.
@@CM-lr7tf yeah sorry my bad. Fixed, thanks!
Inside the black hole:
*PBS Time Space* : Hello, this is Black hole, and we will talk today about Naked Matt O'Dowd singularities
In a world inside a black hole: "... in some cases even space-travel is possible. Causality breaks down."
In a Black Hole it's "PBS Time Space"
.Ecaps Emit SBP
@@grandpaobvious Why are the caps at the ends of the words?
the logo becomes the jingle and vice versa.
And it's the Black Hole talking about Matt O'Dowd
The Universe: The Cosmically Uncensored Space-time violates UA-cam terms of service. Sorry Matt: naked singularity is foiled again.
"We apologise for the inconvenience." Always makes me smile. This is amazing content. Thanks for being an eloquent spokesperson, and thanks to the crew for the amazing graphics to help it to make sense.
He asks us not to try it at home because he already has. That's how he lost his beard. Thankfully, the causality was restored again.
PBS Space Time: How to dissolve an Event Horizon
John Michael Godier: WAIT A MINUTE
😂😂😂
🤣🤣🤣
@John McKay why are you writing this as a reply to someone's comment? Lol
Lollll, JMG. He’s the man.
John Michael Godier for president!
So, if I fall into a black hole, I could finally wrap my head around it? 🤔
Neat.
I tried to dissolve the event horizon in water, but the water dissolved into the black hole... What do I do now!?
Drink it
@@skwervin1 I did, it seems it drank me? Can you send help.... It's... Very dark down here..... :O
@@teaser6089 Have you tried putting it in rice
You must acquire anti-water. The water you drank turned into anti-water due to dissolution with black hole matter as solvent. You need to drink anti-water to force electrostatic pull-push force between anti-water particles. That force may expel your body from the water hole you found yourself in.
Hope this helps.
Unplug it
1:09 The naked singularity sounds like an Eldritch Abomination.
From Necropornomicon
it is glowing & green
And clearly there's something trying to keep it contained, and here we are trying to figure out how to break it free
Are scientists just cultists?
The way Matt said it made me think of this too. Like if you saw a naked singularity it would send you mad and possibly kill you
Now that is true cosmic horror
Didn't expect the Miss Dynamite guy here
I do hope people wrote "so long, and thanks for all the fish" and not "goodbye..."
Glad I'm not the only one who noticed.
Now Matt will have no choice but to re-establish his nerd cred, in a future episode of... Space Time.
This guy has zero nerd cred. Zero. He's not a nerd and i often question his science creds. He's just a good voice.
Astrophysicist - explains extremal black holes, then goofs up a quote at the end. UA-cam - I didn’t even know what an extremal black hole was 20 minutes ago, but clearly guy doesn’t know anything because he slightly misquoted a popular book.
Actually, what the last dolphin to give a message did was "...a surprisingly sophisticated attempt to do a double-backwards-somersault through a hoop whilst whistling the 'Star Spangled Banner'" so however you word the translation that retains the essential meaning is fine.
Pedantic nitpickers of the world: You have missed the entire point of the HHGttG series. You are what's wrong with the world, you bloody Golgafrinchans.
@@animistchannel2983 this guy knows where his towel is
There is nothing in the universe that could prevent me from becoming a naked singularity
What about the big rip?
It's taken years, countless rewatches and 0 formal study but I'm no longer lost and curios, I'm actually starting to keep pace with all this. Can't do the math but I can understand the implications results and theories they create!
Missed the "don't try it home" part, now I'm moving backwards in time
I'm replying now knowing that you'll be commenting in the past at some point soon.
Well, at least now you'll get a second chance to catch the "emoh ti yrt t'nod" part.
You missed such a good opportunity to type that backwards...I’m disappointed in you
Buttjamin Benon?
!potS. part a st'I
So if both angular momentum and charge work to make it extremil, but neither one would take it over the edge... what if you added angular momentum to an extremil *charged* black hole, or charge to one that was spinning?
Was going to ask just that. I imagine that physicists must have considered this and the censorship somehow still works.
Kerr-Newman black hole. It was covered in my advanced GR course, but they're so statistically unlikely to have any meaningful charge that the only black hole descriptions worth mentioning are Kerr and Schwarzchild black holes.
@@DrCrazySymbols Well it may be true for naturally o curing black holes, but that is only until humans go to mess with one small enough. Obviously in distant future if ever.
@@skyrask1948 without having the maths on hand, I'm more convinced that the electrostatic repulsion on an electron trying to be added to a black hole would far outweigh the gravitational attraction. By that point the energy required to overcome the electrostatic repulsion would add too much mass to the black hole.
Plus, a black hole small enough to be overwhelmed by a comparatively small electric charge would evaporate very quickly and catastrophically if it's still somewhat massive.
Just want to say that Matt and the entire PBS/ST team have done an absolutely sterling job of bringing us our regular fix of science and space during the lockdown...with no real drop in quality either.
Stay safe and stay awesome guys!
Great video. Rarely I run into topics on UA-cam that I've never heard of before, well done, look forward to the next installment
Here's something I've always wondered about black holes, cause it seems like this would have a pretty big impact on discussing their internal behavior: what is their proper time?
Let's say I have an indestructible stopwatch and I toss it into Sagittarius A*, and then wait the 10xA-Very-Big-Number years it would take for it to finally evaporate. When it does, how much time will the stopwatch read, from its perspective of having waited inside the black hole's spacetime? A trillion years, or 8 months, or 2.5 pico seconds?
It feels like the mechanics of black holes are always explained as though they're astronomical objects whose physics exist on our observed scale of the passage of time. But does their extreme time dilation actually suggest they're much shorter lived objects that we simply observe over a much longer period of time? And if they do have a very short relative lifespan how does that impact the interior? Extreme case: could it say, evaporate so quickly from its own perspective that any infalling matter doesn't actually have time to form a singularity at all?
I don't have the maths on this, but assuming that the watch was not destroyed by the singularity it would read much slower than say, a watch orbiting just outside of the event horizon due to the increased gravity at the singularity vs outside the horizon. In fact, since a singularity is defined as a space with infinite density, the gravity may be so strong at the singularity that time may very well completely stop. To you the watch would slow down and freeze at it approached the horizon, but it would continue ticking slower and slower while approaching the singularity. Once the black hole evaporated the watch would certainly have read much slower than your watch, but by how much would depend on the size of the black hole and how much distance there is between the horizon and the singularity. Of course this is all conjecture, take it with a grain of salt.
Mike Richards when you fall in a black hole, you dont feel slow, but you see the universe collapse and see time end in a few seconds
@@markcoats960 Time already stops from gravitational time dilation at the event horizon. Inside it runs again, but is into another direction (namely towards the singularity). So the time the stopwatch measures will just be (time up to the event horizon ignoring its time dilation) + (up to) the radius of the event horizon (which is obviously tiny). What happens at the singularlity, I don't know, but I can't imagine anything surviving that.
Very interesting question. Since, by definition, event horizon is the point that the speed of space time reaches light speed, all clocks must stop ticking. Inside it, time dimension becomes navigable back and forth. Thus, my guess would be on average it would stay put, but, it could even go backwards??? That’s why Black holes are though. They can potentially break causality.
One indestructible stopwatch, coming right up. Would you like that to be remote-winding, sir?
Hang in there my friend, you do great invaluable educative work from your living room, that is something to be proud of. All this isolation and bitterness will pass, I myself cannot wait to down a decent ale pint or seven in a proper pub again
btw if someone is interested, there is a relatively simple "napkin" calculation that establishes that a Reissner-Noström blackhole of above 100 solar masses can be force-fed electric charge beyond extremality, but still, the electric field at the event horizon will be well below the Schwinger limit. If there is something that forbids such naked singularities to form, it MUST be due to some non-standard physics
I fall.
I'm pulled.
To the depths of the dark.
Or to the end of space.
But even beyond the speed of light, I'll never reach it.
Am I looping?
No, that's wrong.
Is the end escaping?
That's wrong, too.
Stretching.
What is?
Space is?
I am?
Something approaches.
Approaches slowly.
In complete contrast to the disappearing surrounding stars.
Is it really approaching?
Is it not stopped?
Its slowness gives it that illusion.
I don't recognize what it is.
But it is something.
But I don't know what that something is.
I try to reach that something.
But my hand won't move.
I seem to be stopped.
While seemingly stopped, I continue falling.
Not a complete stop.
Infinite progression to a stop.
After a second, when will I arrive?
On second, my perception keeps stretching.
One second, after a perceived second, becomes 0.1 seconds.
0.1 seconds, after a perceived second, becomes 0.01 seconds.
0.01 seconds, after a perceived second, becomes 0.001 seconds.
0.0001 seconds.
0.00001 seconds.
0.000001 seconds.
0.0000001 seconds.
0.00000001 seconds.
0.000000001 seconds.
When will I arrive?
Gradually, time shortens.
Gradually, my senses lengthen.
An illusion that we'll never arrive at zero.
Abrupt, humorous words.
The Demon Lord's Gate.
I try to shout.
But my mouth won't move.
I mustn't look back.
My body--
I want to look back.
I want to go back.
I can't look back.
I can't go back.
Towards something.
Towards the future of becoming a jellyman.
While stopped for an eternity--
Ah yes, let's get those microwaves and CTR TV-s out.
awesome poetry
You could be in a state of asphyxiation during an eternity
Jesus. This sounds like an SCP Tale.
you smoke too much
10:20 Also, wouldn't the negative charge of the black hole make it harder and harder to throw more electrons at it due to repulsion?
I believe so. Also, firing electrons at a charged black hole fast enough to overcome the repulsion would undoubtedly require so much kinetic energy that its mass (m = E/c^2), along with that of the electron, increase the black hole's mass sufficiently to keep the event horizon intact.
The end of GoT?
@@tomkerruish2982 that's probably equivalent to what he meant saying that the electromagnetic energy would increase the mass.
@@tomkerruish2982 But not protons, what about neutral particles? Or systems of neutral particles, or particle systems like atoms? At what point does this high charge region break down the neutral system/particle?
Maybe the gravitional pull is stronger than repulsion at this point?
Damn that is heavy. Look into the abyss and the abyss looks back into you. It's like a video game error exception stopping the game from collapsing in on itself.
You guys do an amazing job explaining all the theories . I love the effort put into each video. I also enjoy the math aspects too . You guys make something so complicate look easy . Keep up the work !
the Hitchhiker quotes are the iconic favorites...but the most favorite movie line for me of all time is from Casablanca....what to do when you have a rapidly cooling corpse..."round up the usual suspects". Classic
Time to spend 16 minutes pretending like I can understand what I'm listening to.
We're all vaguely defined consciousnesses here. You don't have to pretend.
I was just about to comment I was lost....this is not the infographic show lol
This is for smart ones
It's claptrap.
Gravitational pull is debunked by General Relativity.
It is just that the more mass something has,the more it warps space and so the more likely less massive objects ar to fall toward the more massive thing.
There is no such thing as gravitational pull.
It's like grinding a RPG
that's the most honest statement i've ever read on the internet. Right there with ya, kmomang.
I cannot describe how much this series means to me. Thank you.
That’s the one thing always wanted to talk about was regular black holes versus spinning black holes (evaporation)
Thank you so much. This is one of the best channels in all of media. Fascinating and so well presented. My personal favorite. Thank you so much for making these spectacular videos. I love them.
I presume creating a charged, rotating black hole would also be insufficient to merge the inner and outer horizons? Say, the combined potential and kinetic energies would work to expand the outer horizon faster than the inner horizon?
Stupid Chronology Protection Conjecture always ruining my fun.
I don’t see why not?
If all neutrinos have left handed spin then could you increase the spin of a Kerr black hole by feeding it just neutrinos, making a naked singularity?
Couldn't those neutrinos be Kerr black holes?
@@tompatterson1548 Black hole must not be a short lived one.
Kuber K but if the inner even horizon is larger than the outer, could such radiation occur?
That's a different kind of spin isn't it? I didn't think the spin of a particle meant it's literally spinning in an angular momentum fashion.
This was an awesome episode, one of my favorites ever, including the Q&A. 👏
Amazing how much more we know about black holes compared to a decade ago ! Great video!
*Your titles are getting stranger and stranger day by day*
Matt r u ok
its almost like with vsauce :C
I mean physics is real weird stuff
They keep pushing theories as facts without verifying any of this. PBS SpaceTime is just a sad husk of what it used to be...
@@liquidluck711 You're not doing it right.
Will i be Lavelle is
Matt, I know you are fascinated with Black Holes, your area of advanced study. Seems there's more to space-time. Please continue to bring your engaging style and lucid explanations to the wider bounds of Space-time.
Whose channel is it?
Hi Matt,
I am a consultant by profession but what keeps me going is physics really.. Your videos are amazing and I can't think of anything else as intriguing as astrophysics..
Love from India!
Great video as always Dr O'Dowd! Thank you for this amazing series
"To create a charged black hole without an event horizon, we need to separate it from all other charged particles in the universe."
So we establish an event horizon around the black hole?
Bingo.
the event-horizon is a one-way barrier tho
more like a reverse event horizon
Jared Gabri Garbo
That's not an event horizon. For example light can still travel both ways
The best even is when you post a new episode...honestly you're videos keep me outta depression spells...if that's even a valid comment
I've been waiting for this episode ever since Space Time began talking about rotating black holes. I had heard about the there being an upper limit to a Kerr black hole's angular momentum after which its event horizon would dissolve, but I had failed to find any arguments whatsoever that would explain why it wouldn't be possible to surpass that limit (all I had found was that it shouldn't be possible because of its implications, but no mechanism as to why we couldn't just add more angular momentum to them).
The idea that the rotating frame itself would prevent more momentum from being added is extremely neat, while the possibility that there might still be a way to add momentum (and thus disprove the cosmic censorship hypothesis) is even more intriguing!
I’ve been binge watching your channel and I think my brain is slowly melting.
at 15:11 I thought Matt said "if anyone knows, please shut up in the comments"
#NasaConspiracy ?
That's good advice either way.
@@marcpeterson1092 😂😂😂
So if there's traces of the previous aeon smeared across the CMB in our aeon, are there also trace-traces of the next-previous aeon and so forth back even further? Is there a overlay of smears fading off into the infinite past?
art piece behind this awesome host looks like a old shower tiled wall with mold from a 60s building half torn down so dreadful but i cannot look away love it
I'd often wondered if you could undo a black hole via charge or spin, so I appreciate this video quite a bit
I don't understand how there can be relative motion in a volume where relative time has essentially stopped.
Relative time has only stopped from the perspective of observers outside the event horizon. Moreover the motion in this case is mostly concerning the rotation of the space within and around the black hole, and the motion of space doesn't play by quite the same rules that light or matter do.
It's claptrap.
Gravitational pull is debunked by General Relativity.
It is just that the more mass something has,the more it warps space and so the more likely less massive objects ar to fall toward the more massive thing.
There is no such thing as gravitational pull.
@@NavarroRefugee No, you can't just drop a "moreover" after saying something bogus and expect it to be valid; relative time has stopped from the perspective of outside observers? Then where does that leave the inside observers? To them, infinity is going on outside of their frame of reference, instantly, because their time has stopped.
@@jansenart0 That is incorrect. Observers can fall through the event horizon and will witness only finite time in the outside universe while doing so. They have an entire episode about the event horizon and crossing it. ua-cam.com/video/-q7EvLhOK08/v-deo.html
@@NavarroRefugee Yes, I've seen that one too, and I really need to see the math governing that explanation.
Could there be zones of the universe that go CCC while other zones still have mass? Perhaps if they are beyond each other's observable universe horizons?
I think the existence of any matter gives the universe scale, regardless of whether that matter can ever reach all areas of the universe. I hope you get an answer though, I wonder if expansion would be so fast at that point that any particles left would each have their own rapidly approaching horizon?
Considering we are within an event horizon. Three bands race against the center of Gravity, growing slowly until noon on the inner band in some millions of years when the singularity of the band's edges begins to absorb material for the next Big Bang. The observable Universe has an event horizon ratio of 1 to 10, so the convergence is not far. Knowing the time between Big Bangs we can calculate critical mass. 13.7 or 27 x 2 = 27 or 54 billion years, but it could be 6:00am for 108 or 216 Gyrs.
Thank you! I finally understand what a naked singularity means. Very nice explanation
Your titles are getting crazier and crazier! Lol
Jump the shark already!!!!!!!! XD
Shark jumping is boring.
Now black hole jumping...
THE best causality is an event.
This video is claptrap.
Gravitational pull is debunked by General Relativity.
It is just that the more mass something has,the more it warps space and so the more likely less massive objects ar to fall toward the more massive thing.
There is no such thing as gravitational pull.
Gravitons carry the force of gravity
read this as casualty and was kinda confused
@@ZeroOskul I don't think physics really agree with you. Gravity still seems like the best explanation for some observations.
@@ZeroOskul bruh , my hands are wrapping around the pillar of hope, nowadays . so please, chill tf out.
2 questions:
1. Does the fabric of Spacetime itself can have angular momentum?
2. What happens when I throw antimatter into a matter black hole? How or when does the mass gets converted to energy and how would the energy propagate?
Nice talk, thanks to all involved. Neither championship speed reader, nor too sluggish in my world, I wonder if I speak only for myself when I say that the first three rectangles of print could have been on the screen twice as long, the ones near the end were easy to read with their generous screen time exposure. Yes I could pause or go back, pero, I don’t want to. Anyway, thank you.
Indubitably dissolving dreams...distantly drowning screams...condensed and forged into intolerable beams...drawing landscapes of florescent seams
It's a question of time until Martin Max steals the snare drum sound in the intro and puts it into a Dua Lipa song
8:49
Maybe when a rotating object comes near the event horizon it must be torn apart into two pieces :
1) a piece that travels two fast to stay.
2) a piece that travels against the frame dragging flow that would actually cancel out some of the black holes angular momentum.
Can’t wait for the follow up episode!!!
7:55 Does that mean, when orbiting around an extremal black hole, physically it is the black hole orbiting around you?
To be fair, that is true of any two things orbiting each other. They both pull each other after all, moving into circles. Even if unnoticeably if one mass completely overwhelms the mass of the other.
Cosmic Censorship Hypothesis: "Shut up, will you shut up!"
Naked Black Hole: "Huh, now we see the violence inherent in the system"
Cosmic Censorship Hypothesis: "Shut up!"
Naked Black Hole: "Come and see the violence inherent in the system! Help, help, I'm being repressed!"
CCH: "Bloody singularity!
"
NBH: "Oh, what a give away. Did you here that, did you here that, eh?.... That's what I'm on about -- did you see him repressing me, you saw it didn't you?
"
here I was like this is my favorite episode then to find out it's probably going to be the next I can't wait
Thank you explaining partical size in the theory, it puzzled me.
Last time I was this early, the Big Bang happened
aaaaaaand you missed the expansion period
Last time i was this late I wasn’t late because i orbited a black hole to go back in time to be 30 minutes early and wait for this to release
"The Naked God" set my expectations for naked singularities - natural or constructed - pretty high. I will be most disappointed if they don't talk to us and offer us a way to transcend.
That would be one way to break causality.
I really liked that series.
Can’t wait to see the next video on this topic!
The more I learn about physics and space time the more eerily plausible the game steins;gate becomes. That game was probably researched ridiculously deeply because this is crazy.
Can a black hole become so big, that it's temperature becomes so cold there is not enough energy to generate any photons with hawking radiation ?
No, photons have no lower limit to energy AFAIK.
@@johannesh7610 what happens if the wavelength of the photon gets longer than the observable universe?
@@togamid The wavelength of the the emitted photons is around the same size as the event horizon. To detect photons of a given wavelength, one needs an apparatus of around the same size as the wavelength.
@@togamid the blackhole would have to be as large as the observable universe which is kinda, u know, impossible
What if we and the whole observable universe are actually inside the event horizon of a black hole, and that the Great Attractor is the singularity we are all moving towards?
Or that expansion is expanding ring of singularity due to increasing rotation with we mention as dark energy
I’ve thought this plenty of times
The writers of these really have a fantastic way of describing way-out theories in an intuitively comprehensible way. I am constantly impressed.
Imagine if an advanced technological civilization developed methods of creating and controlling black holes, increasing or decreasing their mass or charge as needed?
“Curiously enough, the only thing that went through the mind of the bowl of petunias as it fell was Oh no, not again. Many people have speculated that if we knew exactly why the bowl of petunias had thought that we would know a lot more about the nature of the Universe than we do now.”
I dislike any kind of theory or hypothesis where the entire motive behind it is protecting modern physics. Why should the universe be conspiring to protect our current understanding of it?
It's not at all conspiring to protect our understanding of it, it's just that our understanding of it prevents such things from happening.
It's just a humbling reminder that we don't have the complete picture yet. Astrophysics constantly humbles you.
It's not that the entire motive behind the censorship hypothesis is protecting modern physics, more that the consequences, at that level, are so unbelievable some kind of mechanisms are thought to prevent it.
A naked singularity can be used for time travel/causality breaks. Time travel allows infinite duplication of matter, energy, information, and would be the last technology we would need before ascending to godhood - and it would also breaks the universe in twenty different ways. Seeing as the universe is not, in fact, currently broken, it is most probably impossible.
Adding to what Alexandre Fouille says, the hypothesis is also a reflection of the fact that all of the ways that physicists can think of to dissolve an event horizon seem to stop working once the black hole becomes extremal. It's most likely not a fundamental law of the universe as-is, and it may well be wrong, but it's a representation of our understanding so far.
I'd imagine its necessary for stability
I've been watching this channel from the start, and I'm beginning to think that we really have no idea about anything really, do we?
Our knowledge is increasing exponentially; we know much more than we did even ten years ago. The illusion you're talking about comes from the associated exponential increase in questions.
@@robertgoff6479 We now have more questions than ever. Now we know we never knew anything.
We do know a lot. When you think about it, it is really quite amazing that we humans were able to figure out so much about stuff that's incredibly far away, or stuff that's incredibly small. But the more you know, the more you can question, and the more implications you can explore. If we didn't know about the existence of black holes then a lot of the content on the channel wouldn't exist.
I know how to order a beer, and ask where the bathroom is in a few languages. Im set.
Everything else I can learn is bonus.
2:17 YOU'RE NOT THE BOSS OF ME!! *Proceeds to tamper with black holes*
What I absolutely love about blackholes, is the fact that our universe COULD very well exist entirely inside of a blackhole and we would never know it. That is so long as we existed within the space between the outer event horizon and the inner event horizon were space time is at an equilibrium with the inward pulling and outward pushing forces. I mean think about it, what if our entire universe exists solely inside a single blackhole that's so large it can hold everything we can possibly conceive of inside it, which itself could either be all that there is OR it could exists inside an even larger universe. Its crazy to think about BECAUSE its NOT outside the realm of possibility.
Two views. Thats when I clicked on this video. Fastest I've ever been to any video and yet there was 48 likes and 1 dislike. Now thats where causality really breaks down.
Here's an experiment to try (preferably in space for obvious reasons): Take a huge particle accelerator (or many of them) each the size of the Solar System and make a black hole massive enough to last awhile (months to years). Then blast that black hole with a really bright electron beam (or many of them) and see if a naked singularity is an eventual result before said black hole explodes. Would E=MC^2 still hold up and actually still have gravity to just make a bigger horizon like theoretical physicists assume or would it get naked? Hopefully by the time we get around to testing this we won't be needing Congress to fund it.
The event horizon is baffling. A question that has kept me up for weeks now:
You fall into a black hole large enough to survive the crossing of the event horizon before spaghettification begins.
At the moment of crossing, your legs are below the event horizon and the rest of you is above. Can you feel your legs?
Similarly, if at the moment of crossing your legs are above the horizon and the rest of you is below. Can you wiggle your toes?
that's an interesting question!
My guess is no, because any event below the event horizon must move towards the singularity. So your nerves won't be able to send signals to what's outside and won't receive signals from what's inside. But if you go feet first you can wiggle your toes, and if you go head first you can feel your legs
If you have experience in IT, it's like configuring a set of rules for a firewall
These Kerr black holes are so interesting. Why aren't more people talk about this yet. You should do a more in depth video about all of the black holes.
Atoms can be in two places at the same time also creepy action at distance
A person once asked me how I could not be religious and that they felt science took away from the beauty and mystery. I explained that religion did that by pretending to have all the answers. Reality is amazing.
Clever gal.
Amen.
To me, it's the other way around: The more science discovers, the bigger the awe of how "on earth" all this can exist at all. In my opinion, science will never be able to explain the basic mysteries of existence, consciousness, eternity and the like.
Of course science is a way better tool at explaining reality than religion. Religion and philosophy were the only intellectual tools at disposal of the Ancient, so they used them to construct myths and give what were perceived as reasonable, complete, and satisfactory explanations. Nowadays nobody uses religion to explain new discoveries (eg there's no religious explanation for radio waves).
The Ancient must be given credit for logic thinking, which is an incredible tool and basis for both religion, myths and science (religion tries to be consistent with itself, myths also try, science of course couldn't work without being consistent with itself). Verifying that the premises are good is a prerogative of science.
What a good religion can do is provide moral giudance and bring peace in the way our troubled beings experience life.
What science can do... Well... Just look around your house and think what you would be missing if no science!
@@bodza6445 I can't understand Hungarian, but if Google Translate didn't mess your post too much I'll try to answer.
The exact role of science is to come up with models that explain reality in a rigorous and repeatable manner. So when you do science, you input observations and output a mathematical expression. Anyone can use this expression to predict new phenomena, and if the prediction is verified, your expression becomes a valuable theory. Then Einstein comes along with a new set of equations that predict more precisely than yours, and his theory becomes more valuable, and the new standard by which gravity is researched and understood.
To be of any use, the initial observations need to be based on reality, defined as what we humans perceive as the setting or environment we live in, including our own body.
It is a process driven by curiosity, in the hopes of gaining some advantage for our lives, because these lives are perceived as real.
As a result, religion is now free to let go of this burden of explaining mundane stuff with supernatural causes, and can tend to the souls of its followers. Eg there's a huge difference between understanding how sickness works, and feeling sick. Religion can now leave the "you are sick because you've sinned" attitude behind, help the sick one discover strength and perseverance in himself, and maybe tell that these are gifts from God.
It's not an all encompassing religion, and it's likely someone would prefer to think that he's strong because of genetics. But why deny anyone the comfort they prefer?
By contrast science cannot do this. It can only say "you've endured your sickness x number of days, which is more/less than average". That's valuable medical data, but it's a bit dry.
By the Ancient I don't mean aliens or anything special, it's just a generic term for pre Roman civilizations and cultures, especially the Greek and the Egyptian
"...The Horrors of the Cosmically Uncensored":
So many great possibilities for this one.
I love learning about Pahticles and Chahge.
I've just realised that inside a black hole, your channel is called "PBS Time Space".
Maybe time is required for causality like creepy action at a distance or an atom being in two places at the same time
would be so fun to see a video looking for the different between black holes and gravastars( basicly a blak hole but without the singularity), and show some different that they have mathematicly. I believe more in gravity stars right now, but never seen so many videos on it vs blakc holes. also not seen a video looking into the different between does, and showing what could be problem with what we know so far with these models.
really liked the description of 2 to 3 dimensional representations of worm holes and black holes. I would like to think this is also my interpretation of the anisotropic orientation translation of these configurations. Particle physics as colored ball representations and hard BBs as Beta particles were the graphs I instinctively knew were wrong as a kid.. I have worked a long time to get the image in my head accurate for a thought experiment. You will always mislead yourself if the image in your brain that you surmise is not totally accurate. Less than the shadow cast by a single grain of sand.
That's what I am.
What if I cross the event horizon just for a plank lenght and the instant later the black hole shrinks due to evaporation? Shall I be able to find myself outside again and have seen the inside?
Short answer: No.
Long answer: I see you tried to fool the cosmos with your cute pick of the length of a plank, but the cosmos isn't so easily fooled. When you say "instant later"; what's that in relation to? Once you're inside the event horizon, time becomes space and space becomes time. I think in order to get out of the black hole from your perspective, you'd have to travel in the reverse direction with respect to whichever way time was flowing inside the black hole, and as you know - that's impossible because it no longer exists inside the black hole because the parent universe reclaimed it as space.
Singularities:
Actually Thermodynamics forbids this.
I never quite got how a singularity could be "naked" before. The event horizon, being a result of the gravitational mass of the singularity, a black hole would always have one I thought, and nothing explained it well enough to make any sense.
Thank you. I get it now. There's still plenty of gaps that don't make sense, but I get the basics of "how" now.
Great stuff guys!!! Double plus good indeed!
what if a black hole is both charged and spining at almost the speed of light
and we continue throwing in light charged objects with intrinsic spin while letting the black hole hawking radiate. :o