Marlene Laruelle - Has Vladimir Putin's Regime Embraced Fascism or is it Simply a Mafia Autocracy?
Вставка
- Опубліковано 30 кві 2024
- Vladimir Putin's regime has increasingly been accused of embracing fascism, in its annexation of Crimea, its historical revisionism, attacks on liberal democratic values, and its support for far-right movements in Europe. These tendencies have accelerated with the full-scale war in Ukraine. So, does Russia now meet the diverse criteria for historic fascism, or it’s off-shoot, German Nazism? Russia has successfully muddied the waters, by branded itself as the world's preeminent antifascist power because of its sacrifices during the Second World War. But Russia continues to weaponize and debase that legacy of WWII, embracing the same characteristics, policies, and tactics of the axis powers.
----------
Marlène Laruelle is Research Professor of the Illiberalism studies department at the Institute for European, Russian and Eurasian Studies (IERES) at the George Washington University. Marlène is a French historian, sociologist, and political scientist who specializes in Eurasia and Europe, and is one of the most prolific and insightful Western experts on issues related to Russian nationalism and memory politics. Formerly, she was Senior Research Fellow at the Central Asia and Caucasus Institute and Research Fellow at the Woodrow Wilson International Centre for Scholars.
----------
LINKS:
marlene-laruelle.com/
elliott.gwu.edu/marlene-laruelle
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marl%C3...
www.ifri.org/en/about/team/ma...
daviscenter.fas.harvard.edu/a...
www.ifri.org/en/publications/...
----------
BOOKS:
Is Russia Fascist? Unravelling Propaganda East and West (2021)
Central Peripheries: Nationhood in Central Asia (2021)
Memory Politics and the Russian Civil War: Reds Versus Whites (2020)
Understanding Russia: The Challenges of Transformation (2018)
Russian Nationalism: Imaginaries, Doctrines, and Political Battlefields (2018)
Russian Eurasianism (2008)
----------
ARTICLES:
www.faena.com/aleph/umberto-e...
www.russiamatters.org/analysi...
----------
SUPPORT THE CHANNEL:
www.buymeacoffee.com/siliconc...
/ siliconcurtain
----------
TRUSTED CHARITIES ON THE GROUND:
Save Ukraine
www.saveukraineua.org/
Superhumans - Hospital for war traumas
superhumans.com/en/
UNBROKEN - Treatment. Prosthesis. Rehabilitation for Ukrainians in Ukraine
unbroken.org.ua/
Come Back Alive
savelife.in.ua/en/
Chefs For Ukraine - World Central Kitchen
wck.org/relief/activation-che...
UNITED24 - An initiative of President Zelenskyy
u24.gov.ua/
Serhiy Prytula Charity Foundation
prytulafoundation.org
NGO “Herojam Slava”
heroiamslava.org/
kharpp - Reconstruction project supporting communities in Kharkiv and Przemyśl
kharpp.com/
NOR DOG Animal Rescue
www.nor-dog.org/home/
----------
PLATFORMS:
Twitter: / curtainsilicon
Instagram: / siliconcurtain
Podcast: open.spotify.com/show/4thRZj6...
Linkedin: / finkjonathan
Patreon: / siliconcurtain
----------
Welcome to the Silicon Curtain podcast. Please like and subscribe if you like the content we produce. It will really help to increase the popularity of our content in UA-cam’s algorithm. Our material is now being made available on popular podcasting platforms as well, such as Spotify and Apple Podcasts.
I see madame Laurelle published a book 3 years ago, called "Is Russia Fascist?" There, she asserts it is not - and that it is rather liberal (!) It looks like she has been hiding in her bubble since then and is still trying to defend her opinion. The point, however, is not whether Russia is the same as Mussolini's Italy or Hitler's Germany. No two countries are the same. The point is to admit that Russia is as bad - or worse. Putin's Russia does have an ideology, btw: panslavism that has become extremely militant and is openly supported by their Orthodox church, which calls themselves the Third Rome. The top man of that church is a KGB/FSB officer(!) - and he has recently declared the war in Ukraine "holy". Their top TV propagandists constantly call for hitting Western cities with nuclear missiles - and they are not some independent nutcases but extremely well paid government sponsored mouthpieces. So what is there to discuss? Ok, call it Ruscism then, a schizophrenic mix of nationalism, mafia state, terrorist organization and even communism. For the rest of the world it is much more dangerous than fascism was at this point, though.
Bill Browder's experience in the days when putin was confiscating assets through false criminal prosecutions and also , in his case through torturing his lawyer Najinsky, was well written in his book RED NOTICE....drugs cartells, crimianl mafia , terrorism & coercion and assasinations all CRIMINALS ....and thats the key.
Putin ammased $640 bn of what is really Russian people'smoney and he was the only one with the cheque book. That must make the Guiness Book of Records for biggest (in cash) CRIM IN HISTORY .
Crims have only 2 cogs in their brains that must mesh, before anythingelse,
1/ "can i get away with it"
2/ "what , if any, is the penalty of getting caught"
I think the end of the "Browder Saga" is Browder (the Lawyer) catches Putin (the Villain) or it should be..thats a nice happy ending. Lawyer catches biggest criminal in history.
Spot on and far more eloquent than my rant ( I was quite confused by this woman's is it ? or isnt it ? vibe and you have cleared that up with your illumination of her backstory..and further helped to clarify an arguement which basically boils down to semantics. Thankyou.
Well said
Indeed: we cannot keep comparing countries to nation states that existed almost 100 years ago and say "these are not the same, therefore modern fascism does not exist". We accept that modern democracies exist, even though those are different also from the ones that existed pre-WW2. It is reasonable that fascism has changed a bit too during this time.
Great comment. And this maddame is undoubtedly a Ruzzian appologist. When the mafia question was posed she just mentally backtracked in real time to protect her position and russian peers. No doubt on some kremlin funded payroll.
If the dictators win this push to gain an upper hand over the planet, we are all in for a rude awakening. Glory to Ukraine who is also indirectly protecting Taiwan 🇺🇦🙏🇺🇸💪
Front office fascism, back office mafia autocracy
Hmmm, a bicameral system ... British democracy with Russian characteristics?
Fascism was also mafia-style, familistic autocracy
There is a reason it started in Italy.
@@terraflow__bryanburdo4547 we got out of it, eventually. You need the keep your guard up.
the russian system is fascism since 1919, when the communists finally took over.
A very interesting discussion. But I think I would have to disagree with Marlene about fascism always looking towards the the future. It is true in part, and perhaps even more so with communism, but all fascist regines seem to have had an element of nostalgia in their vision of themselves. Whether it is Mussolini's, or for that matter the extreme slavophile's vision of a "New Rome" or Hitler's reference to old German folklore it is always present.
The difference seems to me that fascism looks to a brighter future that will be attained by reestablishing an order that prevailed in the past but was somehow lost, as in: Aryan supremacy was temporarily compromised by 'Bolshevik-Jewish conspiracy' or some-such. Communism has no such nostalgia; the past is all bad and just a lamentable prelude to the future paradise on earth. But Marlene is correct in the context of the question as stated: Fascism looks to the future (as does communism), mafias do not. Mafias do not look to any future beyond the day after tomorrow, and have no vision whatever of any distant future.
Fascists have the remarkable knack of looking backwards to the future, whether they are invoking tropes of former greatness, noble but aggressive ancestry, or purity of ancestral blood.
I would say the "nostalgia" is always idealised to the point of irrelevance. They never seem to have a thorough understanding of how history _actually_ manifested.
I like applying the 14 criteria defined by Umberto Eco to detect a fascist society.
Russia has successfully passed the procedure.
Russia has been autocratic, ethnic russian nationalistic & imperialistic for years. Same goals as other such countries whether local differences in ideology, same solutions used
Most ethnic Russians were genocided a hundred years back after the Bolshevik coup. Viktor Suvorov was amazed when he came to the West and saw people there with different faces, different features, in Soviet Russia they all looked the same (asiatic), but he had seen pictures of Russians from before the 1917 revolution and knew that Russians used to have such features too, but they were genocided, literally. There are many books and witnesses accounts from that period, who tells the same story. I think it's in the book "The Tceka" , by George Popoff, published in 1921, if my memory serves me correct, the author was horrified when he saw that Russians in Moskow had disappered and there was now Asians/Orientals everywhere. George Popoff was himself arrested by Dzerzhinsky's Chekist, even though his wife was a friend of Lenin, and his twin brother was killed at the Solovki Island with thousands of other souls. He wrote the book as a warning to the West, a warning not heeded.
Today ethnic Russians (those still left) are treated as animals by non-russian ethnics in the army etc. (there are interviews of Russian POWs in Ukraine, sharing some horrific stories about their ordeals).
Putin is a Soviet mobster, he, nor his Chekists, care one inch about Russians. He will gladely "replace" every Russian in Russia with something else, like he did with Mariupol after he murdered/genocided, God knows how many, Ukranians there. Now Mariupol is being resettled by hostile foreigners, and they're not ethnic Russians.
There are also ethnic Russians who fight on Ukraines side against Putin's Soviet Russian troops (like the Dzerzhinsky regiment, which KGB Putin reinstalled like he has done with FelixDezerzhinsky's statue), they are true nationalists thus they fight Putin.
Centuries
Q: ethnic russian nationalistic...
A: Ethnic Russians do not exist the same as ethnic Muslims, Catholics or Buddhists. Most of the Caucasian-looking Muscovites are the racists indeed, but there is no such nation as the Russians anywhere in Muscovy.
Fascist? Nope! Worse!
Marlene Laruelle is not able to identify Russism as Fascism because she a typical member so called Eurasian and Russian studies club whose major works were researched and published in 2000s, which are Putin’s era. The main difference of these scholars from cold war Sovietologists is that Putin's era scholars were instructed to look at Russia as an economic and security partner, not as a threat. That is why these scholars tend to be huge admirers of so called Russian culture and often declare that they are "in love with Russian people" (Slavic Russians). Given such context, Eurasian and Russian studies scholars of Putin’s era did not want to write books about horrendous crimes of Russians and of the Red Army in Ukraine, Caucasus, Baltic and Central Asian countries. Instead, they wrote books about Russians who suffered under the Stalin's regime and became victims of Hitler. Some scholars like Steven Kotkin and Brian Boeck went as ar as to admire Stalin as an "evil genius" and justify his Goebbels scribes like Mikhail Sholohov as "resilient" writers. So it is totally within political framework of the west that Marlene Laruelle completely closed her eyes to the crying fact how Putin unleashed neo-Nazis of Russia as soon as he came to the power and nurtured Russians with fascistic ideas for 22 years. In the early 2000s killing of Buryats, Yakuts and Central Asian students and migrants was outrageously common in all major cities of Russia. Under Putin, none of these crimes was officially admitted as xenophobia, almost al them were treated as hooliganism and often killers walked out free from court rooms. A Dutch journalist Jelle Brandt Corstius has a heartbreaking episode about a Buryat woman who was blinded by skinheads in his documentary but don’t expect in love with Russians scholars like Marlene Laruelle even mention such things in their books. These are the same people who were blind and deft to what was coming from Kremlin + dictators of former soviet states and failed to warn their respective countries about the danger. These are the same people who misinform and mislead the White House even today and keep safe from sanctions Putin's best allies like Aliyev and Toqayev who provide Putin gates to avoid all western sanctions.
your rant attributes objects to Laruelle by association
Btw about kotkin, in his book about stalin nobody accuses him about being a stalin lover. This is grossly abusive.
Im sorry but by the time Putin came to power she was almost 30 she got her PHD in 2002 (about the aryan myth in Russia) so please .... Your thesis is thus extremely weak.
You havent read much from her I can see...
just look at her top cited articles:
- Russian Eurasianism
An Ideology of Empire. Woodrow Wilson Center Press, Wasington, 2008
- In the name of the nation: Nationalism and politics in contemporary Russia. 2009
- The ‘Russian world’: Russia’s soft power and geopolitical imagination
Center on Global Interests 21, 23-25. 2015
- Russia's Arctic strategies and the future of the Far North 2015
- The three colors of Novorossiya, or the Russian nationalist mythmaking of the Ukrainian crisis, 2016
You can see also most of her top articles are post 2014
Thank you, Jonathan. Slava Ukraini 🇺🇦
Thank you, Jonathan, for not stopping to support Ukraine.
🇺🇦 Перемоги і миру всім українцям! 🇺🇦
To ask the question is to provide the answer.
Merci Marlène
Both, fascism and mafia.
This forward-looking Ukrainian vs 'lost utopia' Russian issue reminds me of the Gogol Bordello lyrics:
'There were never any good old days. They are today, they are tomorrow. It's a stupid thing we say, cursing tomorrow with sorrow.'
Maybe interview with Eugene Hütz? 🤞
Informative
Great comment. 👏 Nailed it.
As fascist as it gets. From Communist roots. A truly menacing metamorphosis
Mussolini himself was a socialist
@@TueLesPigeons Hitler too
@@TueLesPigeons Nazism is National SOCIALISM
Or a society run by thugs with their hands in the tills to a society run by thugs with their hands in the tills, not so much of a metamorphosis after all.
@@tikaanipippin The end of USSR is atypical in that it demonstrates that Gorbaciov was not much of a thug, as much as incompetent but with good intentions. Now it's worse than the 80s in most ways. That is the reason why Russians are actually nostalgic of the USSR. The fact that the Russians are nostalgic is not a good sign at all.
Fascinating and insightful - thank you 👍
I argue that Russia (Muscovia) and the Soviet Union was NEVER communist, but rather fascist-imperialistic from its inseption. The murder of the Romanovs was not a "communist revolution", but a "fascistic coup detat" under the guise of "communism", because communism was the only ideology simpler enough for the populace to agree upon, and through it, the fascist proto-regime ("communists") could overthrow the power holders (the Tsar). Thus, Muscovia and it's citizens are fascist-imperialistic from its national mythos, and have fascism and imperialism as national virtues.
The importance of the Romanovs and in particular the system of Tsarist reign, was signalled by Putin when he buried the Romanovs remains with a state funeral.
Muscovia is a fascist-imperialistic state which needs a significant defeat to unlock the ability to change!
Q: The murder of the Romanovs...
A: There was no such dynasty in Muscovy whatsoever, the murdered royal family was entirely German, namely Nikolas Holstein-Gottorp and Victoria Hesse-Darmstadt.
A rose by any other name would stink as badly.
In a word, FASCINATING! 😀
LOVED the mention of Zolkin, there is a man that DESERVES all mention!! xxx
❤❤❤❤❤ 🇺🇦 🇺🇦 🇺🇦 ❤❤❤❤
A mafia autocracy more like it...😮
Best video on this channel! Finally, Jonathan.
Thanks 😊
interesting discussion, thank you
At this point in the arc of ruzzian political/societal devolution whatever title we choose to bestow upon it is largely inconsequential....the savagery, the barbarism, the fanaticism not only in their leadership but ingrained in the population is detrimental to the safety and security of liberal democracy in the world....for far too many years there has been an acceptance to normalize the ruzzian state....sadly many in the west have not learned much about 'ruski mir', Chechnya, Georgia, Syria, Ukraine 2014 to the present are lessons unlearned.....
After WW2, fascism fell out of favour, but it did not vanish. It was rebranded into populism and permitted to participate on two conditions: 1) ending the use of violence for political ends 2) accept the outcomes of democratic elections.
..I see and Putin is clearly attempting to overturn both.
Another know nothing - populism predates fascism and has nothing to do with it conceptually.
new video title: is water wet?
Appreciate Marlene's effort to define terms before discussing them. Of course, every country at every point in history is different, but we can get some value in identifying connections. She makes the important point that different parts of Russian society display different levels of Fascistic behavior.
Could you poise the same question about Israel ,is Netanyahu a fascist too ? Just like the Jews were persecuted in WW2, it's the Palestinians now who are being treated in the same manner as Jews back then?
Best pronunciation of “violence” I’ve ever heard.
Thanks!
Insightful interview, thanks
Interesting distinctions in terminology between fascism and authoritarianism, thanks.
0:40 omg russia gaslighting, blameshifting here too! - claiming to be not fascist while being emminently so!
Thanks
Wonderful guest, a lot of incite there.
The distinction between fascistic and non-facsistics branches of RU government only make sense until one considers the overwhelming support of RU population for the war. Russia is most definitely fascist
Это неправда. Уровень репрессий таков, что люди молчат. Протест ничего не способен изменить кроме того что лишит свободы, имущества, здоровья и возможно жизни.
@@dr.verbena only the big
cities, see 1420
Невозможно подсчитать. В 6 раз потребление антидепрессатов выше чем в обычный год
@@dr.verbena Translation: This is not true. The level of repression is such that people remain silent. The protest is not able to change anything, except for the loss of freedom, property, health and possibly life.
I gave you a 👍
@@dr.verbena Translation: Impossible to count. Antidepressant consumption is 6 times higher than in a normal year
Another 👍
It is frustrating that Mike Johnson was able to hold up aid for as long as he did
Ukraine suffered unnecessarily in its absence and will have a hard fight ahead of them regain what they have lost while Johnson turned a blind eye to their plight
I sencerily hope that Americans will force him to resign in shame
He'll never been able to wash the blood from his hands !
Yes,but he had a conversion, like Saul. Democrats support him in the house against the Magas. Democracy is like making sausage, don't look at the process, just savor the results. Europeans ,at no point.gave more support to Ukraine. Biden sent a $300 million package just weeks ago. We are thousands of miles away, and when we paused, and gave Europe a chance to show their commitment, they failed miserably.
You fight with the army you have-not the one your want, and Europeans are vital allies. People in glass houses should not throw stones.
Referring to the Muscovite criminal regime as the fascist one would be an insult for the Italian fascists who spilled their blood by liberating Ukraine from the Muscovite occupation back in 1941.
If her argument is that having technocratic elites who just follow orders and general population who is willfully ignorant/ambivalent about regime's worst atrocities makes a country non-fascist, then by her definition Nazi Germany wasn't a fascist country.
Also, her point about Russian children not being taught genocidal hate falls flat when you see Russian children drawing dismembered Ukrainian soldiers at school.
I tend to agree.
DW documentary: The far right and neo- nazis- an increasing terrorist threat.. just recently uploaded on YT.. interestingly ties in with the subject of this video.
The comment section of that video is littered with both the far right and russian propagandists. It is an illuminating and disturbing read.
@@InnocentiusLacrimosa disturbing.. yes.
👍👍👍
One thing we know for sure. Fascists around the world embrace this Russian regime.
Yes and also the other way around; Russian regime helping/funding right-wing in Europe & America.
Thanks for everything you are doing, Jonathan 🫡
I like Umberto Eccos definition too and used GPT-4 to score today's RU against it:
🔹 Umberto Eco's Criteria for "Ur-Fascism" - Evaluation of Russia's Modern Behavior
01: The Cult of Tradition - ⭐⭐
Russia often appeals to national history and pride, echoing traditional values, but lacks the syncretistic and occult elements typical of fascist tradition.
02: The Rejection of Modernism - ⭐⭐⭐
Embraces some irrational elements and state control over discourse, though not a complete rejection of modernism.
03: The Cult of Action for Action’s Sake - ⭐⭐⭐⭐
Demonstrates aggressive policy and military actions without extensive public reflection, aligning with fascist disdain for intellectualism.
04: Disagreement is Treason - ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
Strong intolerance towards political dissent, with frequent suppression of opposition figures.
05: Fear of Difference - ⭐⭐⭐⭐
Promotes nationalism and exhibits xenophobia, particularly against Western influences.
06: Appeal to Social Frustration - ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
Effectively utilizes nationalistic and historical grievances to mobilize support.
07: The Obsession with a Plot - ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
Persistent narrative of being besieged by Western and NATO powers.
08. The Enemy is Both Weak and Strong - ⭐⭐⭐⭐
Portrays adversaries as simultaneously threatening and inferior.
09. Pacifism is Trafficking with the Enemy - ⭐⭐⭐⭐
Often condemns diplomatic and peace efforts as signs of weakness.
10. Contempt for the Weak - ⭐⭐⭐
Implicit through aggressive policies and actions against neighbors and opposition.
11. Everybody is Educated to Become a Hero - ⭐⭐⭐⭐
Promotes the heroic image of defenders, aligning with the cult of heroism.
12: Machismo and Weaponry - ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
Strong emphasis on military strength and traditional gender roles.
13. Selective Populism - ⭐⭐⭐⭐
Uses media to project a unified popular will, sidelining diverse opinions.
14. Ur-Fascism Speaks Newspeak - ⭐⭐⭐⭐
Employs simplified and repetitive political messages, restricting complex reasoning.
Overall, Russia exhibits several elements of "Ur-Fascism" as defined by Umberto Eco, though the presence and intensity of each characteristic can vary. This evaluation highlights significant overlaps, particularly in areas related to nationalism, state control, and suppression of dissent.
Oh my God. I have met about half of conditions. Never knew I was a fascist.
Echoes of History : 1918 germany
The inter war years in germany saw many men return from the front angry and violent. ..germany maintained a short lived democracy and by 1924 the new German Republic enjoyed relative prosperity known as the Golden Twenties but the Great Depression of October 1929 severely impacted Germany and people were poor and angry. Social and political unrest led to the collapse of the Rupblic and the rise of of those WW1 war veterans in the form of Hitlers Germany.
America pleaded for Britain and France to forgive the Germans,but they insisted on taking land and ruinous financial penalties.
When Stalin declared "Socialism in one country", did they not then become National Socialists, rather than international Soviet Socialists ?
🇬🇧❤🇺🇦
ivan has it's own brand of foreign policy , home grown if you will .
Dont forget that kommunism in Russia was ideologically close to Nazism. Both some kind of twisted version of sociallism . Now I think the current Russia is a different animal where ideology is a tool for power not a goal
I do not forget that at the beginning of WWII Germany and ruSSia were allies. The Molotov Ribbentrop pact is probably the only agreement ruSSia hasn't broken.
@@gerryhouska2859They weee beaten to the punch…
@@gerryhouska2859 Please get your facts right,before making MORONIC STATEMENTS.Signing a NON AGGRESSION PACT,does not make ANYONE ALLIES.History clearly was never in the cariculum in your high school.
@@petehowett2854 Russian bot.
Stalin invaded Poland.
Ukraine sacrifices in WW2!!!!
"we didnt see all normality that russia have inside." Well .. let her came to some small city in the middle of nowhere in russia and find normality and kindness there... 6th minute. Im pretty sure she will say something about mystirious russian soul )))))
Edited: i admit that she woke up already:) no "mysterious russian soul" anymore. 🌹❤️
I think one additional characteristic of a fascist regime is a myth of national superiority in all things such as culture, morality, science, education, and politics among others. This defined the Nazis and it defines Russian attitudes at all levels of society as well.
Agreed. And fascist nations are always backwards looking.
True. A Russian said to me, that we had never invented anything useful. I ran off a
few, like toilets, toothbrushes, electric kettles, railways, TV, phones, tanks, footballs, shut them up😂
All countries have that attitude,tell me one country that does not. They are all right, from their perspective. Every country is great.
...and how would you tell the difference?
That's why we have experts
Is the Pope Catholic?
Does he shit in the woods?
True - Russia is not a fascist country - it is fascist to square power!
Russia is the biggest colonial country. It’s been like that for the last 500 years and that will not change.
Veterans don’t make Russia fascist. Fascism and colonialism is in the sole of every Russian.
Conquering and using/consuming humans.
Everlasting expansion...
- Germany.
- Rome.
....
Where does she take the stats from, when referring to what "most of the russians" think? I for one, do not agree with her assessment. Most russians I talk to, transmit a different picture.
Exactly. And re: those who "do not want complete mobilization and wish special military operation remained that" voices their opinion in Russia publicly?
Just look at the numbers: 460 000 russians have been willing to sacrifice their lives to invade their peaceful neighbour. Where is the similar determination to stop the invasion?
Look not every man on his own things, but every man also on the things of others. Let this mind be in you, which was also in Christ Jesus: who, being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God: but made himself of no reputation, and took upon him the form of a servant, and was made in the likeness of men: and being found in fashion as a man, he humbled himself, and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross
Fascism comes in different flavors. The parallels to the third reich or mussolinis italy comes to mind. But this is a brand new time of fascism. Uniquely russian. "Fascism with Mobster Characteristics"
She knows the topic well, but french accent is a torture. I'm sorry 🙃
Only leftists defrauding themselves believe Communism and Fascism are opposites. The 4 corners of political and economic spectrums are: Authoritarianism versus Democratism; and Anarchistic Ownership versus Group Ownership.
All societies have leadership. Leadership can be democratically chosen or chosen by force. Leadership entrenched is called an elite. In some democratic societies, elites appear entrenched but in fact change over a period of time, maybe 100 to 150 years. These changes occur without violence IF in a leadership based on democratic values. In countries without democratic values, the leadership elites may change faster because forced change through violence. Therefore, imposed systematic study has to reflect these understandings.
The Soviet Union was a Party based authoritarian regime after Stalin’s cult of leader rule. He was a Fascist on par with Hitler, Mussolini,and Tojo’s Junta. Putin since 2010, has degenerated into a Stalinist Fascist. Russia has never had a real democratic period where any free elections occurred.
Keep in mind, authoritarian rule adopts what it needs to perpetuate its leadership. This includes persecution of opponents which may or may not include groups of people. It also eliminates press freedom and opposition Parties. All these other arguments are political noise and not focused on the authoritarian governance.
You’re making two false assumptions. First, that the Soviet Union is indicative of communism, in fact it was Bolshevist. Communism and socialism and egalitarian economic arrangements, whereas Bolshevism is what justified political dictatorship. Second, and related, that liberal free-markets are a precondition for democracy. This flawed assumption is the singular reason why geo-politics since the cold war have arrived at this menacing moment. It was assumed by American elites that both Russia and China would democratize under pressure integration into the global trade system and an enriched middle class. Capitalism has been demonstrated to be perfectly compatible with authoritarianism. Democracy is a mechanism of collective-decision making with no particular ideological bias. Personally, i think the causality hinges on economic liberalism. It seems to descend into fascism under conditions of inequality, but not the other direction. Prosperity can be cultivated and maintained under authoritarian nationalism. Civic democracy depends on other factors.
@@Rnankn I'm not going to get into the conversation about communism and fascism or whether or not Boshevism was actually communism. But of course the West was completely mistaken about capitalism leading to liberal democrasy. By now everyone is familiar with that. But the idea that Russia has moved towards fascism because of the intoduction of a market economy is too simplistic. In fact they never really had a market economy in any true sense of the word. In the case of Russia there are so many other factors involved.
@@Rnankn You used a bunch of words from Marx. This includes Capitalism. Adam Smith and later Ricardo did not ever define Industrialism as Capitalism. Their theories were on how to allow freer trade and movement of workers.
Socialism of any kind is reactionary to the Industrial Era. If you comprehend Hegel’s theory of historical dialects, the Industrial Era is a Thesis and Socialist reaction to the Industrial Era is the Antithesis. So what is the Synthesis Hegal anticipated from the Industrial Era and Socialism rounded out contradictions?
This is where every Socialist thinker got it wrong. All Socialist experiments failed because they were political and not based on economics like Industrialism. Marx in particular was spectacularly wrong with his Dictatorship of the Workers statement.
The Industrial Era was gifted in 1776, not only Adam Smith’s Wealth Of Nations, but the Declaration Of Independence of the United States Of America. Only in an America based on a Constitution and Bill Of Rights could the contradictions of the Industrial Era be Synthesized with the reactionary Socialist arguments about these contradictions. Of course America had both an Industrial Era economy and an Agrarian Feudal economy only merged after a brutal Civil War. Meanwhile, most Europeans thought better of themselves by fronting democracy at home while exporting their Agrarian Feudalism to far away colonies until the 1960s. We are only now reaching a point where democratic governance is widespread in the Industrial Era. This should mean more Synthesis, but how?
For this you need to review 2 examples to comprehend the future. The 1 example is America prior to the Constitution and Bill Of Rights. At this point in 1784, the US was just like today’s European Union. We were living in the same house but we’re not yet married. Yet after getting married look where we are. Compare this to New Spain. It had 1 language, 1 religion, 1 common history, and 1 version of George Washington. Their Washington was murdered after independence. Within 3 years, Central America broke from Mexico. Within 10 years egos divided Central America in the small States we have today. Mexico stayed united but had internal Civil Wars until 1921. Making your country smaller is NOT a good idea. However, putting the pieces back together is not easy. Likewise, Europeans have to decide if they are going to just live together or really get married. They cannot decide because of egos, not economics or even politics.
Example 2 is Africa. I wrote on South Africa back in 1976. Today they are close to realizing what I had suggested. However, the rest of Africa has avoided conflicts between countries only to suffer continued internal conflicts within countries. Why? Because colonialism did not reflect people groups. Only US or Australia style Constitutional Federalism can start to fix colonialism’s legacy. In South Africa, ironically, Apartheid as bad as it was did create States based on people groups. All you had to do was remove the hundreds of white enclaves dividing those people group States. South Africa has Federalism of these States. Of course I envisioned adding the 2 land locked countries and Namibia to South Africa in what I called the United States of South Africa. Botswana and Zimbabwe could even have been added since people groups cross these borders. Africa as a Continent would probably function best if it were 7 large countries of Federal Republics. But maybe the time is still not right for peaceful consolidation.
ua-cam.com/video/udshc5zM2K8/v-deo.htmlsi=yEdJdws4ueTNYq5U Propaganda Talks.. part 1.. asks the same question.. is Russia a fascist country?
She has no idea what she is talking about. Unfortunately
?
I don’t see how this contributes to the conversation, care to elaborate?
🤡🤡🤡
No but clearly we are embracing fascism here in the west. Just open your eyes and ears.
Not in general.
"We in the West".... that was funny Ivan 🤡
I walked around my Russian city. Zs on public buildings and churches, flags lining main roads, soldiers everywhere, posters of heroes on every corner, bus shelters covered in pictures of z soldiers and world war 2 pictures, everywhere.
By the way your vocabulary is excellent !
So we have iden TITI now we need to find iden GROS MINET !
Sorry sometime I need to make those kind of silly jokes.
I really on Ukrainien side but I couldn’t resist to your sweet accent.
Hope your forgiveness