Kendrick Smith Public Lecture: Cosmology in the 21st Century
Вставка
- Опубліковано 6 чер 2024
- Cosmologist Kendrick Smith gives a guided tour through the expanding universe, from the big bang to our present-day understanding of dark matter and other cosmic phenomena, during his Feb. 4, 2015 public lecture at Perimeter Institute.
Perimeter Institute (charitable registration number 88981 4323 RR0001) is the world’s largest independent research hub devoted to theoretical physics, created to foster breakthroughs in the fundamental understanding of our universe, from the smallest particles to the entire cosmos. The Perimeter Institute Public Lecture Series is made possible in part by the support of donors like you. Be part of the equation: perimeterinstitute.ca/inspiri...
Subscribe for updates on future live webcasts, events, free posters, and more: insidetheperimeter.ca/newslet...
pioutreach
perimeter
perimeterinstitute
Donate: perimeterinstitute.ca/give-today - Наука та технологія
Miss the live webcast? No problem. Here's Dr. Kendrick Smith's "State of the Universe Address" at Perimeter Institute.
I was skeptical, but I found this lecture one of most enjoyable and explanatory. I've become a fan of Dr. Smith and his Aaahs, Uuuhhs and ummms ;)
Very, very enjoyable !! I enjoy when talks such as this one, the ppl say what I know, but just in a different style or explanation. Great notables, Krauss, Tyson, ect. Must watch, THANKS !!!
whoever was in charge of processing the audio for this youtube video submission....kudos! muting out the Dr. Smith's coughs and dropping the volume levels when the audience applauds etc. are very much appreciated.
One of the best talks I have seen about this topic. Very informative and clear.
You are excellent at explaining!!! I really enjoyed this video and learned a lot more than by reading my school book.
You have hit on a good point. Textbooks are generally written by people who are better at discovering things than they are at writing. Most of my college textbooks sit on a shelf gathering dust because they are so difficult to follow. You're lucky. When I went to school, we didn't have an internet. I had to depend on teachers, and some were better than others.
Excellent talk. Thank you!
Lies again? Hello Kansas
At the end of lecture when answering the last question on how the universe would end, he says that the sun will end as a supernova which is wrong. It will become a red giant first and then will die as a white dwarf, not even a neutron star
Yeah, he had me until then. That was a real boner!
Good production values, excellent supporting AV.
Explanations are well-organized, and generally very articulate.
However, there seems to be some mix-up between dark matter and dark energy during the explanation of dark energy.
Recent surveys show that in eliptical galaxies larger stars are migrating toward the centers of the galaxies and smaller stars are being pushed toward the perimeter. Rather than credit dark matter for this, try electromagnetics. It's really very simple. Magnets will always arrange themselves in geometric patterns no matter how many magnets you throw into the mix.
I wish he showed the equation for the fit at about 36:00 and explained each term.
If we were to look back in time when the universe was so small that it was the size of just a few galaxies, what would we see? Would we have a sort of fishbowl effect visually, since clusters are supposed to be closer together? Or would we not see anything because the universe was not transparent yet?
Great job. Good talk. Nice lecture. Great audience.
All 7 year olds agree 👍
Tremenda conferencia, la rompió al final!
At timestamp 57.29, is it me or does the graphic strongly resemble planetary and stellar cross sections.
Question, in Kendrick Smith's Public Lecture: Cosmology in the 21st Century, he implies that the universe is spherical when considered in time, however space-time is almost perfectly flat. Please help me reconcile this....
thanks Dr Dick
Dr. Smith, I am not a scientist. I work in theater and one thing you do not do on stage, unless your character is supposed to be annoying, is to start every sentence with "uuhh". It can distract the listener from what you are actually saying. I know how deeply these sorts of habits can be a part of you and sometimes it takes the assistance of a professional to change the behavior. I would recommend it.Jim
Actually I didn't notice Dr. Kendrick's idiosyncrasies until you pointed it out. After that I found your observation very distracting. Therefore I would say that you are more annoying than Doctor Kendrick and that you weren't interested at all in the presentation
A better way to begin each utterance is to snort, then whistle through one's nose
Very respectfully put, +Jim Nuss. Sad that others (mentioning no names, +Steve Bergman) choose to demonstrate their feelings in such a disrespectful and supercilious manner.
Enjoyable!
Nice talk. Remember he tried hard to make it accessible to everyone.
Is it safe to say if we harness dark matter we could travel faster then the speed of light. After all it doesn't interact with matter or light or anything. We would be able to visit anywhere in the universe.
Wish he would have included the info about the 100,000 galaxies in our Laniakea Supercluster that appear to be headed toward the Great Attractor. Maybe the idea that every galaxy is moving apart from each other only looks that way until you realize what super cluster you are part of and how they eventually all meet up. Maybe not the big crunch, but a bunch of mini crunches. Maybe each supper cluster is then somehow linked for even later round of crunches or attraction....?
Great talk. I always enjoy these.
There is something I keep trying to understand. Hope maybe somebody could explain it to me. 🤷
When I look up at the stars, my intuition is telling me that I am looking at a vast space which keeps getting larger and larger with time. So my eyes are directed out into the universe.
At the same time, I know that I am looking back into time. And the further back in time, the smaller the universe.
What am I looking at?
That is a interesting question 🤔
@@tiadiad got any extra
The first thing I noticed about his map of the wildlife of Canada was Bigfoot on the west coast.
"It's space itself that's expanding." Alright, I buy that, but if that is true and space and time are a single dimension then as 'space itself is expanding' how would you describe what is transpiring to time within said expanding space?
There are 3 dimensions of space, and one of time, making a total of 4 dimensions in space-time.
aaaaah! a vocal tick that the teacher on south park would be proud
LMAO
I need help with my new years resolution. I've figured out how to change the stars.
My idea for changing the stars includes Orion and Pleiades (Subaru). I figure it's time to put something up there that's relevant to us, don't you think? Take Orion's belt and Betelgeuse becomes the head with a baseball hat. Below the belt are two legs bending at the knee. The feet aligning perfectly under the bent knees. The 3 stars of Orion's belt align perfectly as the 3 fat belt loops on a baseball uniform. The spear pointing at "Subaru" is the bat being swung and "Pleiades" is the baseball flying away after being hit. Put it all together and you get, "THE ALL-STAR." In my case, I see a left-handed batter and I imagine a "7" on the jersey. Which makes him, "Mickey." (As it should be ;-) But you can put any number you want, making, "THE ALL-STAR," any player you want. It'd be wrong of me to not, at least, try. This is me, trying. Pass it on, please and thank you. Don't worry, where I come from, crazy is a compliment. ;-P
At 1:06:10 he states that in a few billion years the sun will go supernova - news to me!
I suppose that when the sun becomes a white dwarf it might ensnare a passing star, gravitationally steal enough mass from that star to reach the Chandrasekar limit and become a type1a supernova, but that possibility is mind-numbingly remote.
So wrong Kendrick.
+Steve Young You are correct.
Smith = wrong. Its hard to believe someone as 'educated' would be so wrong as he was.
@@locutusdborg126 THE ULTIMATE (AND CLEAR) MATHEMATICAL UNIFICATION (AND PROOF) REGARDING PHYSICS/PHYSICAL EXPERIENCE IS NOW DEMONSTRATED, AS E=MC2 IS F=MA: TIME DILATION ultimately proves (ON BALANCE) that E=mc2 IS F=ma, as ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. This NECESSARILY represents, INVOLVES, AND DESCRIBES what is possible/potential AND actual IN BALANCE. (Importantly, balance and completeness go hand in hand.) The stars AND PLANETS are POINTS in the night sky. NOW, A PHOTON may be placed at the center of WHAT IS THE SUN (as A POINT, of course); AS the reduction of SPACE is offset by (or BALANCED with) the speed of light (c); AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Indeed, ultimately and truly, TIME is NECESSARILY possible/potential AND actual IN BALANCE; AS E=MC2 IS F=MA; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Very importantly, outer "space" involves full inertia; AND it is fully invisible AND black. GREAT. Accordingly, INSTANTANEITY is thus FUNDAMENTAL to what is the FULL and proper UNDERSTANDING of physics/PHYSICAL EXPERIENCE; AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. It ALL CLEARLY makes perfect sense. Gravity IS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy. E=mc2 IS F=ma. ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. E=MC2 IS F=MA. GREAT !!! Gravity AND ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy are linked AND BALANCED opposites, AS E=mc2 is F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Consider THE MAN who is standing on what is THE EARTH/GROUND. Touch AND feeling BLEND, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. The stars AND PLANETS are POINTS in the night sky. GRAVITATIONAL force/ENERGY IS proportional to (or BALANCED with/as) inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Gravity/acceleration involves BALANCED inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Accordingly, the rotation of WHAT IS THE MOON matches it's revolution. Great. MOREOVER, a given PLANET (including what is THE EARTH) then sweeps out equal areas in equal times consistent WITH/AS F=ma, E=mc2, AND what is perpetual motion; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Gravity IS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy. INSTANTANEITY is thus FUNDAMENTAL to what is the FULL and proper UNDERSTANDING of physics/physical experience, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. This NECESSARILY represents, INVOLVES, AND DESCRIBES what is possible/potential AND actual IN BALANCE. Stellar clustering ALSO proves ON BALANCE that E=mc2 IS F=ma, AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. Objects (including WHAT IS the falling MAN) fall at the SAME RATE (neglecting air resistance, of course), as E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. "Mass"/energy is gravity. ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. E=mc2 IS F=ma. THE DOME of a PERSON'S EYE is ALSO VISIBLE. (Notice the flat AND black space of what is THE EYE.) The stars AND PLANETS are POINTS in the night sky. The sky is blue, AND the Earth is blue. THE EARTH/ground AND THE SUN are E=mc2 AND F=ma IN BALANCE, AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS UNIVERSALLY PROVEN TO BE GRAVITY in what is a mathematically unified fashion. E=mc2 IS F=ma. The middle distance in/of/AS SPACE AND the full distance in/of/AS SPACE are NECESSARILY linked AND balanced. MAGNIFICENT !!!!!!!!!! INSTANTANEITY IS thus FUNDAMENTAL to what is the FULL and proper UNDERSTANDING of physics/physical experience, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Gravity IS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy. It is ALL CLEARLY proven. Again, the stars AND PLANETS are POINTS in the night sky. GREAT. Energy has/involves GRAVITY, AND ENERGY has/involves inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE. GRAVITATIONAL force/ENERGY IS proportional to (or BALANCED with/as) inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Gravity/acceleration involves BALANCED inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. It is all CLEARLY proven !!!!!!!! TIME is NECESSARILY possible/potential AND actual IN BALANCE, AS E=MC2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Gravity IS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy. GREAT !!!!!!!! BALANCE and completeness go hand in hand. By Frank DiMeglio
Alan Guth at MIT came up with inflation to explain the universe"s flatness and homogenity.
Structures form in time. Is that a reverse of entropy?
No. For example, when a gas cloud collapses due to its own gravity, entropy increases (some of it radiated away out of the cloud). And if the mass of the cloud is sufficient to ignite nuclear fusion, more low-entropy energy hidden in the nuclei becomes available, thus increasing the available maximum possible entropy.
My idea so I get to name it! What I mean is, no one has claimed it so I'm officially calling, "Dibs." Voyager 1 is now in the, "Milky Way's interstellar time" or "Mikey's Time."
"V-ger's" message has sped up now that it's outside our Sun's, "Time Bubble," or, "Terran Time." It will be faster, still, when "V-ger" sends a message from beyond the Milky Way's time bubble. Then there's Outside the Local Group time bubble. So on and so on until we get outside any influence and into the, "True Interstellar Time Standard." Or, "T.I..." ;-P
Now that "V-ger" is outside our Sun's reach, in interstellar space, it's now in the Milky Way's faster moving, Interstellar Time or "Mikey's Time." This can be proven by turning off everything except its clock and transmitter. Have "V-ger" read time for as long as possible. They WILL show the flow of time speeds up the further away you get from any celestial bodies. Until you reach the Milky Way's time standard or "Mikey's Time."
•Our sun's time bubble: "Terran Time" we know and have measured. In a lifetime, our head is one second younger than our feet.
•Milky Way's time bubble or "Mikey's Time." The rate/flow of TIME outside any influence but within the Milky Way: We just got there and are still figuring what the difference is. Wild guess I'd say time will increase in speed, now and until V-ger is outside the Ort cloud.
•Local Group's time bubble or the rate/flow of time outside of any influence but within the Local Group: Name still open and unknown. Wild guess .08 P-22% to a couple seconds faster, maybe. Used just for reference.
•Outside any influence in the, "True Interstellar Time Standard." (or T.I...) ;-P This name is NOT up for grabs. The rate/flow of time is fastest here. (Time flows fastest here so it's best to use a motor boat and hold tight. Always applies when you're in T.I....) ;-P
A minute is a minute in all. It's the rate/flow I'm talking about. Heck, rivers of time flowing differently might explain dark energy and dark matter.
The Milky Way's Interstellar Time Standard will be known as, "Mikey's Time."
Pass it on, please and thank you!
It is my understanding that gravity waves have been detected.
That was spefic localised supernova event within the mature universe, rather than from the entire pre-plasma universe itself
Sorry, my mistake -- the gravity waves were generated by merging neutron stars or black holes
A plasma is not just a different kind of gas.
aah aaah uuumm uuuhhh aaah uuumm aaah
As of March 2018, 14 GHz Hydrogen absorption line which has been red shifted to 78MHz - Has been detected.
"With time the gas collects into filaments"---such a proposition is preposterous. Without the force of gravity there is no reason why gas should or would collect into filaments or further develop into stars. The same is not true in the universe as he states when he uses the can of gas analogy for the gas in a can is under pressure.
Yeah, I believe he also mentioned a pre-big bang universe being filled with gas.
Watch "Primer Field Theory"
at 27:00 yes your looking back in time towards a horizon of sorts ... but it doesn't have to be the start ... it could just be the expansion of the universe at that distance 13.92 billion light years , is Faster than even the Electro magnetic spectrum ( light ) ....
and even trying to look for things past the super red shifted galaxies means we need to look in different spectrums for the galaxies at those distances ...
Einstein was right ... plus there is no dark energy or dark matter , its all forces created by normal matter ...The Forces work on Vastly different scales , from the orbits of quarks held in place to the strong force still very small , to gravity and more gravity works in scales also like planetary to solar to galactic ... every force has an opposite reaction ... gravity pushes or repeals in other ways like magnets .. and this is not mentioning Solar Wind , Galactic winds , or any types of burst that happen... like the huge jets we think are cause by blackholes .. those are galactic engines ... and in short As The Galaxies/stars Create Heavier Elements(more dense areas of space) The Push becomes greater to balance the greater pull ... 42:00
He doesn't say anything about inflation . Inflation is important part of the theory of how the universe began. He doesn't say anything about the flatness and homogenity either.
He does go on and talks about inflation later on in the lecture.
This guy ignores the fact that far off galaxies that should exhibit what many astronomers suggest are the characteristics of early galaxies that have yet to 'evolve' frequently exhibit characteristics of galaxies that many astronomers characterize as highly evolved.
I have a final today and this youtube video is gona be tested... I finished the video in 10min #1hrBeforeFinalYOLO
Kendrick Smith is no Fred Hoyle...
Uhh...Uhhhh...Uh.....UHHH, uhm UUUUUUHH um um aaaahhh..Ah...Uh
+Speshul Sawce IF I HEAR "UHM" ONE MORE TIME I'M GOING TO **** A *****
I wish you didn't say that! lol After reading this, those became very discernible. lol
What about Dr. Kip Thorne LOL
Eeahh, kip thorns my hero after prof. frink of course. Eahhh, with the heevin and jeevins, eeahh.....
wery good talk, only the Aaahhhhhs are a bit anoying all the time, its a bad habbit but a Aaaahhh on the end of each sentence brings my ears to bleed...
this cartoon voice omg
The universe is a 4 Dimensional object that is expanding. Time passes because we are at the edge of the universe moving into both new space and new time as it is created by the expansion. All motion is due to the expansion. entropy increases also due to the expansion. The maximum rate of expansion is C the velocity of light.
Newton observed an apple fall and concluded all motions even of start is due to the same cause. What if newton had seen the galaxies moving apart due to the expansion? Would he have thought that all motion even the apple falling is due to the expansion? The link below is a paper that explores this possibility.
tianweb.com/Hubble.pdf?
Really, if we are being honest here, what is being stated is that we can only get 5% of the picture +/- known and unknown effects of gravity. Being 95% sure of 5% is about the same as being more than 95% unsure of the 100%. Don't get me wrong, I am not dissing the effort that goes into current models however science is often said to assume an elegance when it is correct and this is just a mess. And I am, after trawling many many hours of similar lectures by the world field experts, left with the distinct impression you are running around in circles unable to see the wood for the trees.
Further, I have yet to see any of these models even mention some fundamental and universal physics that are undisputed truth such as the self similarity of chaos theory. It is as evident in atoms as it is in galaxies, galactic clusters and in the cosmic web itself yet no explanation for the mechanism where by this effect comes is ever even mentioned. It has to be crucial, its too ubiquitous not to be.
Could the "known" universe not actually be a discrete event in a much larger actual universe? For example the big bang could have been a cosmic collision of two enormous black holes that blew each other to pieces and that the bits left over are the SMBH's we see today? The difference in pressure of the bigger universe and the remnant field of collision energy that we observe in our discrete field could readily explain apparent expansion. Not to mention solve elegantly how we got such huge SMBH's so early in the evolution of the known universe.
I don't think for a moment I am right but are you guys really doing enough blue sky thinking? Are you ever starting from scratch without the invested preconceptions you built your careers on? I am not seeing any evidence that you are.
What are your quaalifications?
TheGamingg33k I have no related qualification outside of my 40 years of closely following progress on the subject.
Then you cant say things like that. Science is always evolving. Just few weeks ago there has been a theory about the big bang being wrong. You should talk to physics professors.
TheGamingg33k I agree its always evolving its just that I am a bit frustrated with its precambrian speed. And I sort of expect better from the Perimeter Institute. The holes and uncertainties in current 'consensus models' must outnumber their 'certainties'. I also reject any criticism that having no qualification after 40yrs avid and in depth study of the subject does not qualify me to make a comment.
> Being 95% sure of 5% is about the same as being more than 95% unsure of the 100%.
This is not what the speaker said. Cosmologists are very certain about the 5% matter and pretty confident about gravitational aspects of the 27% dark matter, the latter explaining nicely about 10 different independent categories of observations, two of them mentioned in the talk. Although we don't know what dark matter consists of, the current models would simply not work w/o it. (The 69% dark energy is of course much less certain, as the speaker mentioned.)
> I have yet to see any of these models even mention some fundamental and universal physics that are undisputed truth such as the self similarity of chaos theory.
The speaker showed how simulations based on known physical principles form the cosmic structures we actually observe. They also explain the homogeneity and isotropy of the universe at large scales. And neither are the cosmic web of filaments similar to galaxies nor galaxies similar to stars. I don't think the large scale structure of the universe is chaotic despite it being correlated with the hypothesized primordial vacuum fluctuations during the inflationary epoch.
> Are you ever starting from scratch without the invested preconceptions you built your careers on? I am not seeing any evidence that you are.
The speaker actually indicated that there are many wildly different ideas pursued to explain the "beginning" of our universe. You should know this after "40yrs avid and in depth study of the subject". Maybe it's you who has "invested preconceptions".
The back slapping and shoe shining introductions take too long ... He has a mousy voice ....I did not download this
Fast forward through these extremely short intros if they're too long for you. And for the mousy voice you just gotta watch it with CC on and the volume down. Fuck...see how smart I am after watching all these PI talks.
aaah, ummm, aaah, aaah, ummm.
Kindergarten level lecture
Agreed
Fascinating lecture but his squeaky voice is quite annoying
thebullybuffalo lol, it's canadian man
thebullybuffalo Haven't noticed until I read your post. Now bothers me too, lol.
He's a scientist - not a movie star...
eeh aemh, interesting eah ahh unfortunately, eaahh uhuh once you ah ah ear, you cant eehh
No up talk!!! Your an adult
Wooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo
Too many presumptions and presuppositions and indefensible postulations.
Uhhh for the love of "god" please stop Uhhhh'in!!!!
Not good
I had to vote thumbs down on this one. This is incredibly basic information. I didn't learn one new thing. A good lecture for a 5th grade (from Germany, not the backwards and savage and religious and stupid USA)
+Pill Box My daugher has understood this since she was 7 and shes 14 now. She thought this talk sucked, too.
I spent 3 years in Nazi-Land... Hated that racist disgusting muddy ass country!!! Even Your language is fucked up, sounds like Hitler!
The Perimeter Institute is in Canada. Nice try.
> Even your language [..] sounds like Hitler
Of COURSE it "sounds like Hitler".. Have you listened to a great number of other German speakers? I'll admit (I speak English, and a ever-diminishing amount of French..) it sounds "harsh".. But remember, English is a "Germanic language".
If they dont raise the bar a bit in these talks, stop repeating the same crap endlessly, the kids who would have been tomorrows scientists will look for something more interesting to do.
How many times have you heard the obligatory explanation of what a black hole is? Too many to count? Point made.
Just once, I would like to see one of these talks go without the "obligatory" explanation of Doppler effect. If people don't know what it is then they wouldn't have an interest in watching these videos anyway. For the rest of us who have an interest in cosmology, we don't need Doppler effect explained every single damn time. Crickies, that is so annoying. We know what black holes are, too. There is no need to explain those either. Even 7 year olds who have an interest in this stuff already comprehend how black holes work. To continually explain these things is an insult to our intelligence. The time wasted on the unneccessary explanations could be better spent covering things we might actually be interested in knowing.
Also, this guy has a really annoying voice, terrible speaker. Saying, "Uh, uh, uhm," tells the audience that he doesn't really know what he is talking about and lacks confidence in what his speech is about. Good public speakers are confident speakers. They know what they want to say and they say it efficiently.
+bangyahead1 So just skip the first 20 minutes or so. He does have an annoying voice though.
+bangyahead1 I think the point of the talk is to increase interest with the general public. The parents of the "7 year old who wanted to attend" for instance.
Not even seven year olds need it explanied to them a thousand times.
He may be a good scientist, but he is a lousy speaker.