Trinity College Science Society
Trinity College Science Society
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Dr Jonathan Kanen: What Does Serotonin Do?
TCSS Symposium 2021 (March 14)
Abstract:
"Serotonin is said to be ‘involved in everything but responsible for nothing’. Indeed, serotonin is involved in mood, emotion, learning, cognition, neural development, emesis, appetite, sex, sleep, pain, migraine, sensation and perception, and gastrointestinal, endocrine, motor, and vascular function. Serotonin is thought to have a role in diverse psychiatric conditions including depression, anxiety, panic, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and mental phenomena relevant to various disorders such as impulsivity, compulsivity, aggression, and social cognition. Many of the most commonly used drugs to treat mental illness act through serotonin. In this talk, I will review some of the complexities of serotonin, present recent findings on the role of serotonin in affective and behavioural control in humans, connect these results to the non-human animal literature, and demonstrate how these lines of enquiry are relevant for understanding a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders. Results will be placed in the context of existing influential views of serotonin function in the central nervous system."
Empirical work by Dr. Kanen referenced in his talk can be found here:
Kanen JW, Arntz FE, Yellowlees R, Cardinal RN, Price A, Christmas DM, Apergis-Schoute AM, Sahakian BJ, Robbins TW (2021) Serotonin depletion amplifies distinct human social emotions as a function of individual differences in personality. Translational Psychiatry, 11(81).
Kanen JW, Arntz FE, Yellowlees R, Christmas DM, Price A, Apergis-Schoute AM, Sahakian BJ, Cardinal RN, Robbins TW (2021) Effect of tryptophan depletion on conditioned threat memory expression: role of intolerance of uncertainty. Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging.
Kanen JW, Ersche KD, Fineberg NA, Robbins TW, Cardinal RN (2019) Computational modelling reveals contrasting effects on reinforcement learning and cognitive flexibility in stimulant use disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder: Remediating effects of dopaminergic D2/3 receptor agents. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 236:2337-2358.
Kanen JW, Apergis-Schoute AM, Yellowlees R, Arntz FE, van der Flier FE, Price A, Cardinal RN, Christmas DM, Clark L, Sahakian BJ, Crockett MJ, Robbins TW (2020) Serotonin depletion impairs both Pavlovian and instrumental reversal learning in healthy humans. bioRxiv
Переглядів: 298

Відео

Dr Robert Dudas: How Do Doctors Make Decisions?
Переглядів 1453 роки тому
TCSS Symposium 2021 (March 14) Abstract: "Medicine aims at recognizing and treating various illnesses whilst taking into consideration the patient’s concerns, preferences, and expectations. As a form of applied science, it uses insight and methodologies from both the natural and social sciences. In the developed world, over the last two decades evidence-based medicine or EBM has become the domi...
Dr Ezra Aydin, Kevin Glasgow: Generation COVID: Longitudinal Insight into the Impact of the Pandemic
Переглядів 513 роки тому
TCSS Symposium 2021 (March 14) Abstract: "Our first 1000 days (from conception to two years of age) are a critical window of vulnerability from exposure to stress, socio-economic and health challenges. While in the UK several national lockdowns have saved lives, secondary consequences may impart an acute and potentially enduring influence on the economic and psychological adjustment of parents,...
Dr Stacey Kigar: Neutrophil-Mediated Effects at the Blood Brain Barrier Following Chronic Stress
Переглядів 1663 роки тому
TCSS Symposium 2021 (March 14) Abstract: "Chronic stress is a major risk factor for major depressive disorder (MDD) and is associated with altered white blood cell (WBC) counts and increased cytokine production. However, the relationship between peripheral immune changes and altered mood is unclear, as access to the CNS by peripheral WBCs and cytokines is tightly regulated by the blood brain ba...
Dr Markus Hellenbrand: Moving Atoms for Energy-Efficient Data Storage
Переглядів 1133 роки тому
TCSS Symposium 2021 (March 14) Abstract: "It is estimated that by 2030, internet and communication technologies (ICTs) will consume up to 20% of total global energy and a large part of this is due to limitations in current technologies of computer memory. Here, I will present approaches new forms of computer memory to reduce global ICT energy consumption by manipulating materials at the atomic ...
Prof Harry Anderson: Molecular Nanostructures with Unusual Electronic and Optical Properties
Переглядів 5633 роки тому
The dream of building integrated circuits from single-molecule electronic components has been discussed since the 1970s, as the ultimate in miniaturisation. It is still a remote prospect, but there have been dramatic advances in our ability to synthesise molecular wires and test their charge-transport behaviour. This lecture will present some of my group’s recent research on the design, synthes...
Prof Michael Cates: Shear Thickening in Dense Suspensions (05.11.2020)
Переглядів 9264 роки тому
Prof Michael Cates: Shear Thickening in Dense Suspensions (05.11.2020)
Prof Claudio Castelnovo: A brief introduction to quasiparticles in frustrated magnets (22.10.2020)
Переглядів 5284 роки тому
Prof Claudio Castelnovo: A brief introduction to quasiparticles in frustrated magnets (22.10.2020)
Dr David Hone: Signalling and Selection in the Horned Dinosaurs (29.10.2020)
Переглядів 8 тис.4 роки тому
Dr David Hone: Signalling and Selection in the Horned Dinosaurs (29.10.2020)

КОМЕНТАРІ

  • @AnneJULIEN-q7c
    @AnneJULIEN-q7c 22 дні тому

    Conference tres interessante sur le rebond , la theorie quantique de l'inversion du temps, les regions espaces temps, dont les informations qui emergent des trous blancs, l information de retour provenant d un espace de minkowsky, LE FUTUR. C'est tres COMPLET. Belle aventure qui decrit le FUTUR . MONSIEUR CARLO ROVELLI A TRES BIEN COMPRIS ALBERT EINSTEIN. C EST UN TRES GRAND SAVANT.

  • @davidknapp5224
    @davidknapp5224 4 місяці тому

    Quantum gravity and relatively are only going to work together if you start from gravity and work your way up. Everything, dark energy, spacetime, dark matter, regular matter is emergent from a gravitational singularity dividing exponentially into various overlapping and interconnected 🤯 fields.

  • @nancyhope2205
    @nancyhope2205 7 місяців тому

    Hello Trinitarians of physics. How about this idea. Spacetime has properties, it gives dimension and geometry apart from spherical distortions of gravity. Right down at the Planck level geometry controls and permits forms and energy channels. The speed of light is a property of Spacetime. Geometry is a property of spacetime. It is not Quantum in the same way as energy. Gluons and quarks follow the laws of geometry. And on up. Try it on someone, please.😊

  • @yinyang2385
    @yinyang2385 8 місяців тому

    In my experience objects in quantum gravity perform the same way as they do in zero gravity

  • @michelfraenkel4920
    @michelfraenkel4920 10 місяців тому

    Why are they keep coming. They know that trump will deport them

  • @mikebellamy
    @mikebellamy 11 місяців тому

    I only came across this 25 Nov 2023 so not able to ask a question during the meeting so I wonder if anyone is still listening but here goes anyway. Before I ask my question as much as I admire and greatly respect his work I must begin with the statement of my position of having a completely contrary hypothesis to that underpinning Prof Frenkel's work, presentation and the base position of the institution in which he does his work. *Entropy confirms beyond any doubt that the ordered universe we observe around us was the creation of an essentially infinite mind in the recent past in its lowest entropy or most ordered or most improbable state from which it is decaying inexorably towards a state of equilibrium unless the mind who created it intervenes.* Consequently to even be here I must be able to show this is the case and it is not difficult if we use the original meaning of 'W' in the Boltzmann-Planck equation. Yes we all understand entropy must be made *extensive* and systems must be treated as if in *equilibrium* to do any thermodynamic calculations on real systems involving a large number of particles. My contention is the assumptions required to achieve this (like indistinguishability of particles) are only valid because *entropy is fundamentally subjective.* In other words choices can be made to to limit entropy by any agreed set of *objective* constraints and it will always conform to the *second law.* Given the original meaning of 'W' from (s = k.log W) as the number of microstates in a *chosen* macrostate which is any description of any non-equilibrium state so [0 < W/Wtot < 1] is an expression of the *probability* of the existence of the system in that macrostate and a measure of disorder which increased with increasing randomness or probability; In spite of your adherence to naturalism could you please confirm that your assumptions; (1) W = Wtot (2) Particles are indistinguishable (3) Entropy accounting is based on energy not probability Are only true in classical thermodynamics and are fundamentally a departure from Boltzmann's bigger picture? As promised here is my simple proof of God using entropy from Boltzmann as a measure of disorder as defined above so perhaps you might like to comment on that: *PROOF OF GOD:* Conclusive absolute evidence for God is a one word sermon.. It describes what we see all around us everywhere we look. It is also far more than intuitive.. *ORDER* Naturalistic science must hide the truth about this word claiming entropy is not disorder but from Boltzmann disorder has a mathematical expression [0< W/Wtot < 1] correlating directly the probability of a state existing and with the meaning of entropy! Entropy as a measure of disorder averaged over any system plus its surroundings will always increase as the system moves naturally from improbable states to more probable states. The second law means every process is irreversible and this requires order to decrease into the future and increase into the past which is exactly what the JWST is now seeing contrary to big bang cosmology! So we know that not just the universe but earth and life on earth can only have started in their *most ordered states.* But we know that ORDER only comes from WORK not HEAT. And WORK is DIRECTED ENERGY whereas HEAT is RANDOM ENERGY. But directed means a CHOICE has been made which requires a MIND! Therefore the origin of the universe in its MOST ORDERED STATE can only come from a MIND! That means a *CREATION* requiring a *CREATOR!* Only the God who tells us who he is in the bible conforms to this.

  • @ZachiEvenor
    @ZachiEvenor Рік тому

    Regarding the use of horns in defense, Dr. Hone argued that if that was their primary use, the other species' horns would converge to the optimal form. But we do have it partially: the horns of Triceratops were optimal for defense and offense, and Triceratops became the most common ceratopsid of its time, partly because it could fend off Tyrannosaurus.

  • @vanikaghajanyan7760
    @vanikaghajanyan7760 2 роки тому

    GR was QG: docs.google.com/document/d/1PKsO3vuXu7XJUhwjgpCR-a8Bwdi24B89QkE9RsKABOU/edit?usp=drivesdk

  • @christeferrussell3295
    @christeferrussell3295 2 роки тому

    🍀

  • @thedouglasw.lippchannel5546
    @thedouglasw.lippchannel5546 2 роки тому

    Watched it again. Note that CIG Theory redefines Matter as "That which has mass, consists of the curvature of spacetime , and has an element of motion." (inclusive of no motion). In this regard, I Love this Video! Carlos is one of the best! 5 Stars out of 5.

  • @thedouglasw.lippchannel5546
    @thedouglasw.lippchannel5546 2 роки тому

    Wow, great presentation.

  • @frankdimeglio8216
    @frankdimeglio8216 2 роки тому

    BALANCED inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE is fundamental (ON BALANCE). The following CLEARLY explains why OBJECTS may fall at the SAME RATE. Gravity/acceleration involves BALANCED inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE consistent with TIME AND E=MC2. Great. “Mass"/ENERGY involves BALANCED inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE consistent with/as what is BALANCED electromagnetic/gravitational force/ENERGY. c squared CLEARLY represents a dimension of SPACE ON BALANCE, AS the stars AND PLANETS are POINTS in the night sky ON BALANCE. Notice what is the orange AND setting Sun. LOOK at what is the TRANSLUCENT blue sky ON BALANCE. I have CLEARLY proven and explained the fourth dimension AND the cosmological redshift. TIME dilation is relative to the fact that the stars AND PLANETS are POINTS in the night sky (ON BALANCE). TIME is NECESSARILY possible/potential AND actual ON/IN BALANCE consistent WITH E=MC2 AND the fact that the rotation of WHAT IS THE MOON matches it's revolution, AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is CLEARLY AND NECESSARILY proven to be gravity (ON/IN BALANCE). Consider what is THE EYE AND what is THE EARTH/ground ON BALANCE !!!! What is E=MC2 is fully AND CLEARLY consistent with why what are OBJECTS may fall at the SAME RATE, AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is CLEARLY AND NECESSARILY proven to be gravity ON/IN BALANCE; AS the stars AND PLANETS are POINTS in the night sky ON BALANCE. Again, consider what is the TRANSLUCENT blue sky ON BALANCE. GRAVITATIONAL force/energy is proportional to (or BALANCED with/as) inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE consistent WITH what is E=MC2, TIME dilation, AND the fact that TIME is NECESSARILY possible/potential AND actual ON/IN BALANCE. (Again, ON BALANCE, consider what is THE EYE.) Gravity/acceleration involves BALANCED inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE consistent with E=mc2, TIME, AND the fact that the rotation of WHAT IS THE MOON matches it's revolution, AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is CLEARLY (AND NECESSARILY) proven to be gravity ON/IN BALANCE); AS the stars AND PLANETS are POINTS in the night sky ON BALANCE. I have explained and proven why THE PLANETS move away very, very, very slightly in relation to WHAT IS THE SUN (ON BALANCE) !! GREAT. BALANCE AND COMPLETENESS GO HAND IN HAND. The INTEGRATED EXTENSIVENESS of THOUGHT AND description is improved in the truly superior mind. (Thoughts are invisible on balance.) Think. TIME is NECESSARILY possible/potential AND actual ON/IN BALANCE consistent WITH E=MC2. GREAT. Consider what is the TRANSLUCENT blue sky. Consider what is the man (AND THE EYE ON BALANCE) who IS standing on what is THE EARTH /ground. Consider TIME AND WHAT IS E=MC2. Great. The stars AND PLANETS are POINTS in the night sky ON BALANCE, AS c squared CLEARLY represents a dimension of SPACE ON BALANCE. This CLEARLY explains and proves the fourth dimension (AND WHAT IS E=MC2), AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is CLEARLY AND NECESSARILY proven to be gravity (ON/IN BALANCE.). Great. Consider the full AND the middle distance in/of SPACE IN BALANCE along WITH the fact that the stars AND PLANETS are POINTS in the night sky. Great. By Frank DiMeglio

  • @luizdegrande711
    @luizdegrande711 2 роки тому

    We have a problem here: the big bounce hypothesis supposes a prior universe just to satisfy some ontology. Why do you are so passionately bounded to ontology. I think that every ontological question is a silly question. "To be" is a verb that opereates in very closed games of language. I can ask if the house is green, I can ask if that person is Paulo but, if I ask what is "to be", I exced the limits of the language and I create silly methaphysical questions. When you ask what is "to be" you suppose that there is an answer somewhere. The supposition that every question has an answer is the mistake that founded every ontology and methaphisics.

  • @blacked2987
    @blacked2987 2 роки тому

    13 15 14 29

  • @Naomi_Boyd
    @Naomi_Boyd 2 роки тому

    Geometry is discrete? Maybe you should explain that to Hippasus? Oh wait, I think it may be a little too late for him.

  • @antumurikks4861
    @antumurikks4861 2 роки тому

    so where is quantum gravity theory if you know this?

    • @antumurikks4861
      @antumurikks4861 2 роки тому

      @@schmetterling4477 yeah, its very hard job, computers may solve it some day..

  • @Oswadomob
    @Oswadomob 2 роки тому

    This was filmed on my birthday

  • @ricksmith6665
    @ricksmith6665 2 роки тому

    What are some textbooks one can read to understand the details? Any good tutorials out there?

  • @julesm3576
    @julesm3576 2 роки тому

    Quantum Gravity's 9 best magics was a good conclusion - He's nailed it in my view. But very hard to explain these things clearly.

  • @colinbutts252
    @colinbutts252 2 роки тому

    Be careful of imaginary numbers and infinity. These concepts lead to science fiction. Danger Will Robinson!

  • @papasmamas1
    @papasmamas1 2 роки тому

    Thanks for share

  • @LuciFeric137
    @LuciFeric137 2 роки тому

    Fascinating lecture thank you. I enjoy the historical antecedents.

  • @OldFartGrows
    @OldFartGrows 2 роки тому

    I don't understand cat videos popularity on this platform when there are offerings like this available.

    • @dr.ambiguous4913
      @dr.ambiguous4913 2 роки тому

      Technically the heisenberg cat section also makes this video a cat video.

  • @heirloomburn8087
    @heirloomburn8087 2 роки тому

    Dr David Hone is one of the most easy to listen to scientists Makes old bones seem interesting And I now know how important studying dinosaurs are Good job

  • @ThomasJr
    @ThomasJr 2 роки тому

    Kinda hard to understand his accent Lol

    • @solexxx8588
      @solexxx8588 2 роки тому

      He is speaking english. Consider it might be your lack of cognitive ability if you can't understand perfect english with an accent.

    • @ThomasJr
      @ThomasJr 2 роки тому

      @@solexxx8588 so wrong, dude is very smart but with an ogoly accent

  • @snehalarunachal952
    @snehalarunachal952 2 роки тому

    Geometry can't be beyond Planck length *no infinity* 🤣 just quantum physics lol 13 00 14 20 Gravity field geometry of SPACERTME 27 00 28 28 29 42

  • @stefanoianneproject
    @stefanoianneproject 2 роки тому

    a poor unwitting friend of Putin

  • @MegaStingers
    @MegaStingers 2 роки тому

    time space phone life spaghetti téléportation intrication

  • @MegaStingers
    @MegaStingers 2 роки тому

    Space Energy Doc

  • @KaliFissure
    @KaliFissure 2 роки тому

    Quantum units of mass exist because they are derived from photons. The charge components “nullified” in quark construction of proton and neutron become a high energy photon trapped over own event horizon. Check math. A photon of wavelength 2pi Planck has an energy which has a mass with Schwartzchild radius one Planck. m=E/c^2. Mass is energy in orbit at c creating angular momentum c^2 in all directions = inertia.

  • @derhamcohomology
    @derhamcohomology 2 роки тому

    Carlo Rovelli is ruska onuca.

  • @invent183
    @invent183 2 роки тому

    Origin of life is consciousness at

  • @invent183
    @invent183 2 роки тому

    Origin of Life is Consciousness at

  • @SpotterVideo
    @SpotterVideo 2 роки тому

    How about three twisted quark tubes entangled like springs? The "color" could be produced by the three different dimensions of entanglement, like X, Y, Z. Gluons would actually be the extension of the twisted quark tubes.

    • @schmetterling4477
      @schmetterling4477 2 роки тому

      You should publish that. ;-)

    • @SpotterVideo
      @SpotterVideo 2 роки тому

      @@schmetterling4477 Thanks for your kind response. Below is a more complete version. Does the following quantum model agree with the Spinor Theory of Roger Penrose? Quantum Entangled Twisted Tubules: "A theory that you can't explain to a bartender is probably no damn good." Ernest Rutherford When we draw a sine wave on a blackboard, we are representing spatial curvature. Does a photon transfer spatial curvature from one location to another? Wrap a piece of wire around a pencil and it can produce a 3D coil of wire, much like a spring. When viewed from the side it can look like a two-dimensional sine wave. You could coil the wire with either a right-hand twist, or with a left-hand twist. Could Planck's Constant be proportional to the twist cycles. A photon with a higher frequency has more energy. (More spatial curvature). What if gluons are actually made up of these twisted tubes which become entangled with other tubes to produce quarks. (In the same way twisted electrical extension cords can become entangled.) Therefore, the gluons are actually a part of the quarks. Mesons are made up of two entangled tubes (Quarks/Gluons), while protons and neutrons would be made up of three entangled tubes. (Quarks/Gluons) The "Color Force" would be related to the XYZ coordinates (orientation) of entanglement. "Asymptotic Freedom", and "flux tubes" make sense based on this concept. Neutrinos would be made up of a twisted torus (like a twisted donut) within this model. Gravity is a result of a very small curvature imbalance within atoms. (This is why the force of gravity is so small.) Instead of attempting to explain matter as "particles", this concept attempts to explain matter more in the manner of our current understanding of the space-time curvature of gravity. If an electron has qualities of both a particle and a wave, it cannot be either one. It must be something else. Therefore, a "particle" is actually a structure which stores spatial curvature. Can an electron-positron pair (which are made up of opposite directions of twist) annihilate each other by unwinding into each other producing Gamma Ray photons. Does an electron travel through space like a threaded nut traveling down a threaded rod, with each twist cycle proportional to Planck’s Constant? Does it wind up on one end, while unwinding on the other end? Is this related to the Higgs field? Does this help explain the strange ½ spin of many subatomic particles? Does the 720 degree rotation of a 1/2 spin particle require at least one extra dimension? Alpha decay occurs when the two protons and two neutrons (which are bound together by entangled tubes), become un-entangled from the rest of the nucleons . Beta decay occurs when the tube of a down quark/gluon in a neutron becomes overtwisted and breaks producing a twisted torus (neutrino) and an up quark, and the ejected electron. The phenomenon of Supercoiling involving twist and writhe cycles may reveal how overtwisted quarks can produce these new particles. The conversion of twists into writhes, and vice-versa, is an interesting process. Gamma photons are produced when a tube unwinds producing electromagnetic waves. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Within this model a black hole could represent a quantum of gravity, because it is one cycle of spatial gravitational curvature. Therefore, instead of a graviton being a subatomic particle it could be considered to be a black hole. The overall gravitational attraction would be caused by a very tiny curvature imbalance within atoms. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> In this model Alpha equals the compactification ratio within the twistor cone. 1/137 1= Hypertubule diameter at 4D interface 137= Cone’s larger end diameter at 3D interface A Hypertubule gets longer or shorter as twisting occurs. 720 degrees per twist cycle. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> How many neutrinos are left over from the Big Bang? They have a small mass, but they could be very large in number. Could this help explain Dark Matter?

    • @SpotterVideo
      @SpotterVideo 2 роки тому

      @@schmetterling4477 Here is something I added today. Modern physicists say the Strong Force is mediated by a constant exchange of Mesons. The diagrams produced by some modern physicists actually represent the Strong Force like a spring connecting the two quarks. Asymptotic Freedom acts like real springs. Their drawing is actually more correct than their theory and matches perfectly to what I am saying in this model. You cannot separate the Gluons from the Quarks because they are a part of the same thing. The Quarks are the places where the Gluons are entangled with each other. It is almost as if they cannot see the forest for the trees.

    • @schmetterling4477
      @schmetterling4477 2 роки тому

      @@SpotterVideo Thank god there is no requirement that we have to read every piece of bullshit on the internet. ;-)

    • @SpotterVideo
      @SpotterVideo 10 місяців тому

      @@schmetterling4477 If quarks have not been isolated and gluons have not been isolated, how do we know they are not parts of the same thing? The tentacles of an octopus and the body of an octopus are parts of the same creature. Is there an alternative interpretation of "Asymptotic Freedom"? What if Quarks are actually made up of twisted tubes which become physically entangled with two other twisted tubes to produce a proton? Instead of the Strong Force being mediated by the constant exchange of gluons, it would be mediated by the physical entanglement of these twisted tubes. When only two twisted tubules are entangled, a meson is produced which is unstable and rapidly unwinds (decays) into something else. A proton would be analogous to three twisted rubber bands becoming entangled and the "Quarks" would be the places where the tubes are tangled together. The behavior would be the same as rubber balls (representing the Quarks) connected with twisted rubber bands being separated from each other or placed closer together producing the exact same phenomenon as "Asymptotic Freedom" in protons and neutrons. The force would become greater as the balls are separated, but the force would become less if the balls were placed closer together. Therefore, the gluon is a synthetic particle (zero mass, zero charge) invented to explain the Strong Force. An artificial Christmas tree can hold the ornaments in place, but it is not a real tree. String Theory was not a waste of time, because Geometry is the key to Math and Physics. However, can we describe Standard Model interactions using only one extra spatial dimension? What did some of the old clockmakers use to store the energy to power the clock? Was it a string or was it a spring? What if we describe subatomic particles as spatial curvature, instead of trying to describe General Relativity as being mediated by particles? Fixing the Standard Model with more particles is like trying to mend a torn fishing net with small rubber balls, instead of a piece of twisted twine. Quantum Entangled Twisted Tubules: “We are all agreed that your theory is crazy. The question which divides us is whether it is crazy enough to have a chance of being correct.” Neils Bohr (lecture on a theory of elementary particles given by Wolfgang Pauli in New York, c. 1957-8, in Scientific American vol. 199, no. 3, 1958) The following is meant to be a generalized framework for an extension of Kaluza-Klein Theory. Does it agree with some aspects of the “Twistor Theory” of Roger Penrose, and the work of Eric Weinstein on “Geometric Unity”, and the work of Dr. Lisa Randall on the possibility of one extra spatial dimension? During the early history of mankind, the twisting of fibers was used to produce thread, and this thread was used to produce fabrics. The twist of the thread is locked up within these fabrics. Is matter made up of twisted 3D-4D structures which store spatial curvature that we describe as “particles"? Are the twist cycles the "quanta" of Quantum Mechanics? When we draw a sine wave on a blackboard, we are representing spatial curvature. Does a photon transfer spatial curvature from one location to another? Wrap a piece of wire around a pencil and it can produce a 3D coil of wire, much like a spring. When viewed from the side it can look like a two-dimensional sine wave. You could coil the wire with either a right-hand twist, or with a left-hand twist. Could Planck's Constant be proportional to the twist cycles. A photon with a higher frequency has more energy. ( E=hf, More spatial curvature as the frequency increases = more Energy ). What if Quark/Gluons are actually made up of these twisted tubes which become entangled with other tubes to produce quarks where the tubes are entangled? (In the same way twisted electrical extension cords can become entangled.) Therefore, the gluons are a part of the quarks. Quarks cannot exist without gluons, and vice-versa. Mesons are made up of two entangled tubes (Quarks/Gluons), while protons and neutrons would be made up of three entangled tubes. (Quarks/Gluons) The "Color Charge" would be related to the XYZ coordinates (orientation) of entanglement. "Asymptotic Freedom", and "flux tubes" are logically based on this concept. The Dirac “belt trick” also reveals the concept of twist in the ½ spin of subatomic particles. If each twist cycle is proportional to h, we have identified the source of Quantum Mechanics as a consequence twist cycle geometry. Modern physicists say the Strong Force is mediated by a constant exchange of Gluons. The diagrams produced by some modern physicists actually represent the Strong Force like a spring connecting the two quarks. Asymptotic Freedom acts like real springs. Their drawing is actually more correct than their theory and matches perfectly to what I am saying in this model. You cannot separate the Gluons from the Quarks because they are a part of the same thing. The Quarks are the places where the Gluons are entangled with each other. Neutrinos would be made up of a twisted torus (like a twisted donut) within this model. The twist in the torus can either be Right-Hand or Left-Hand. Some twisted donuts can be larger than others, which can produce three different types of neutrinos. If a twisted tube winds up on one end and unwinds on the other end as it moves through space, this would help explain the “spin” of normal particles, and perhaps also the “Higgs Field”. However, if the end of the twisted tube joins to the other end of the twisted tube forming a twisted torus (neutrino), would this help explain “Parity Symmetry” violation in Beta Decay? Could the conversion of twist cycles to writhe cycles through the process of supercoiling help explain “neutrino oscillations”? Spatial curvature (mass) would be conserved, but the structure could change. ===================== Gravity is a result of a very small curvature imbalance within atoms. (This is why the force of gravity is so small.) Instead of attempting to explain matter as "particles", this concept attempts to explain matter more in the manner of our current understanding of the space-time curvature of gravity. If an electron has qualities of both a particle and a wave, it cannot be either one. It must be something else. Therefore, a "particle" is actually a structure which stores spatial curvature. Can an electron-positron pair (which are made up of opposite directions of twist) annihilate each other by unwinding into each other producing Gamma Ray photons? Does an electron travel through space like a threaded nut traveling down a threaded rod, with each twist cycle proportional to Planck’s Constant? Does it wind up on one end, while unwinding on the other end? Is this related to the Higgs field? Does this help explain the strange ½ spin of many subatomic particles? Does the 720 degree rotation of a 1/2 spin particle require at least one extra dimension? Alpha decay occurs when the two protons and two neutrons (which are bound together by entangled tubes), become un-entangled from the rest of the nucleons . Beta decay occurs when the tube of a down quark/gluon in a neutron becomes overtwisted and breaks producing a twisted torus (neutrino) and an up quark, and the ejected electron. The production of the torus may help explain the “Symmetry Violation” in Beta Decay, because one end of the broken tube section is connected to the other end of the tube produced, like a snake eating its tail. The phenomenon of Supercoiling involving twist and writhe cycles may reveal how overtwisted quarks can produce these new particles. The conversion of twists into writhes, and vice-versa, is an interesting process, which is also found in DNA molecules. Could the production of multiple writhe cycles help explain the three generations of quarks and neutrinos? If the twist cycles increase, the writhe cycles would also have a tendency to increase. Gamma photons are produced when a tube unwinds producing electromagnetic waves. ( Mass=1/Length ) The “Electric Charge” of electrons or positrons would be the result of one twist cycle being displayed at the 3D-4D surface interface of the particle. The physical entanglement of twisted tubes in quarks within protons and neutrons and mesons displays an overall external surface charge of an integer number. Because the neutrinos do not have open tube ends, (They are a twisted torus.) they have no overall electric charge. Within this model a black hole could represent a quantum of gravity, because it is one cycle of spatial gravitational curvature. Therefore, instead of a graviton being a subatomic particle it could be considered to be a black hole. The overall gravitational attraction would be caused by a very tiny curvature imbalance within atoms. In this model Alpha equals the compactification ratio within the twistor cone, which is approximately 1/137. 1= Hypertubule diameter at 4D interface 137= Cone’s larger end diameter at 3D interface where the photons are absorbed or emitted. The 4D twisted Hypertubule gets longer or shorter as twisting or untwisting occurs. (720 degrees per twist cycle.) How many neutrinos are left over from the Big Bang? They have a small mass, but they could be very large in number. Could this help explain Dark Matter? Why did Paul Dirac use the twist in a belt to help explain particle spin? Is Dirac’s belt trick related to this model? Is the “Quantum” unit based on twist cycles? I started out imagining a subatomic Einstein-Rosen Bridge whose internal surface is twisted with either a Right-Hand twist, or a Left-Hand twist producing a twisted 3D/4D membrane. This topological Soliton model grew out of that simple idea.

  • @whirledpeas3477
    @whirledpeas3477 3 роки тому

    Hone deserves tenure of choice for his obvious hard work and ability to explain this interesting history of my favorite planet.

  • @ramesh_rm
    @ramesh_rm 3 роки тому

    🙉

  • @michaelgoltz6438
    @michaelgoltz6438 3 роки тому

    A great lecture ...

  • @pcarter1989
    @pcarter1989 3 роки тому

    Good talk! Thanks for posting. Show feet please? God bless!

  • @ableone7855
    @ableone7855 3 роки тому

    Excellent presentation and information. Enjoyed watching from the USA! The question and answer formate provides very useful insight not normally provided in standard lectures.

    • @SpotterVideo
      @SpotterVideo 2 роки тому

      Quantum Entangled Twisted Tubules: When we draw a sine wave on a blackboard, we are representing spatial curvature. Does a photon transfer spatial curvature from one location to another? Wrap a piece of wire around a pencil and it can produce a 3D coil of wire, much like a spring. When viewed from the side it can look like a two-dimensional sine wave. You could coil the wire with either a right-hand twist, or with a left-hand twist. Could Planck's Constant be proportional to the twist cycles. A photon with a higher frequency has more energy. (More spatial curvature). What if gluons are actually made up of these twisted tubes which become entangled with other tubes to produce quarks. (In the same way twisted electrical extension cords can become entangled.) Therefore, the gluons are actually a part of the quarks. Mesons are made up of two entangled tubes (Quarks/Gluons), while protons and neutrons would be made up of three entangled tubes. (Quarks/Gluons) The "Color Force" would be related to the XYZ coordinates (orientation) of entanglement. "Asymptotic Freedom", and "flux tubes" make sense based on this concept. Neutrinos would be made up of a twisted torus (like a twisted donut) within this model. Gravity is a result of a very small curvature imbalance within atoms. (This is why the force of gravity is so small.) Instead of attempting to explain matter as "particles", this concept attempts to explain matter more in the manner of our current understanding of the space-time curvature of gravity.

    • @dadlambert
      @dadlambert 2 роки тому

      @@SpotterVideo well 🎉www😂😮wwweewwwwewwewwwwewwee🎉🎉🎉we🎉wewwwwwwwwwwwa www we😢

  • @tomspace8877
    @tomspace8877 3 роки тому

    ua-cam.com/video/f7o0kah6soA/v-deo.html The ELEMENTS in six dimensions, arranged by volume periods of nuclide mass averages

  • @time-mechanics
    @time-mechanics 3 роки тому

    🖖

  • @Chemistry99978
    @Chemistry99978 3 роки тому

    Very much informative

  • @engtari
    @engtari 3 роки тому

    I came here to hear "basically" (isaacson's book)

  • @ellasmithyx5924
    @ellasmithyx5924 3 роки тому

    Hi dude. I liked your content. I've been trying to research for a UA-cam vid like yours that really breaks down the stuff in this UA-cam video! 👏Your tip reminds me of the vids from Dr. Ethan. Dr's tips are insightful and he helped me a lot on my studies. He is the most knowledgable Doctor in Nottingham and he talks about mental health! You should check out his channel out and give Doctor Ethan a like! 👉 #DrEthanMedicine

  • @Captain_Gargoyle
    @Captain_Gargoyle 3 роки тому

    Great talk. It's so neat the ways paleontologists learn about dinosaurs using all these additional tools beyond just looking at the bones. Super cool insight with regard to why ceratopsian horns were likely not primarily selected for in predator defense.

  • @Captain_Gargoyle
    @Captain_Gargoyle 3 роки тому

    lol Dr. Hone is looking pretty rugged here.