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Arborist Study Guide
United States
Приєднався 20 кві 2021
These videos are meant to supplement the certified arborist study guide. Note - this is strictly a hobby, my channel hasn't been approved or endorsed by any professional arborist organizations.
I'm just starting out and am experimenting, so feedback and patience are both appreciated.
I'm just starting out and am experimenting, so feedback and patience are both appreciated.
Urban soils | Soil Science
Terms: urban soils, structural cells, structural soils, suspended pavement
Urban soils are found in highly populated areas where they have been altered by human activities, including construction and building. Since it can also be used as an engineering medium, it’s often highly compacted to support roads and homes. This is in direct conflict with what trees need for growth.
Some engineered options have emerged:
Structural soils are a growing medium consisting of angular rock with a small amount of soil mixed in; depending on the recipe, there may also be additives like hydrogel. The rocks resist compaction but press against each other to support the aboveground load. They also have voids in between themselves, which is where the soil sits. Good irrigation and drainage is a must. Cornell’s CU Soil is an example of a structural soil.
Suspended pavement is pavement that is supported on a structure of columns/posts and beams. Since the structure is supporting the load, the soil can be natural & loose. These systems are engineered individually.
Structural cells are similar to suspended pavement but are modular units that can be put together to support a surface. The space within the units are filled with loose soil. A well known brand is Silva cells. They can also be used to create more stormwater retention areas on densely developed projects.
Video index: docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1G7HEB7DlOjNVs57flZj1zmi0wiF8el0_LGIq7A9EgHE/edit?usp=sharing
Urban soils are found in highly populated areas where they have been altered by human activities, including construction and building. Since it can also be used as an engineering medium, it’s often highly compacted to support roads and homes. This is in direct conflict with what trees need for growth.
Some engineered options have emerged:
Structural soils are a growing medium consisting of angular rock with a small amount of soil mixed in; depending on the recipe, there may also be additives like hydrogel. The rocks resist compaction but press against each other to support the aboveground load. They also have voids in between themselves, which is where the soil sits. Good irrigation and drainage is a must. Cornell’s CU Soil is an example of a structural soil.
Suspended pavement is pavement that is supported on a structure of columns/posts and beams. Since the structure is supporting the load, the soil can be natural & loose. These systems are engineered individually.
Structural cells are similar to suspended pavement but are modular units that can be put together to support a surface. The space within the units are filled with loose soil. A well known brand is Silva cells. They can also be used to create more stormwater retention areas on densely developed projects.
Video index: docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1G7HEB7DlOjNVs57flZj1zmi0wiF8el0_LGIq7A9EgHE/edit?usp=sharing
Переглядів: 117
Відео
Decompacting soil | Soil Science
Переглядів 1,4 тис.21 день тому
Terms: air excavation device Preventing soil compaction is best - creating a buffer layer, limiting traffic to a specific area, etc. However, most soils in developed areas are disturbed and compacted, so they may need to be loosened around existing trees. A few options exist, all of which could be done with an air excavation device. Air excavation devices use compressed air to loosen soil aroun...
Types of soil properties | Soil Science
Переглядів 195Місяць тому
Terms: physical properties, chemical properties, biological properties This video summarizes the three broad categories of soil properties. Physical properties: determined by the actual medium that is provided by the soil - these are qualities that can be described like texture, structure, color… Chemical properties: determined by the molecular interactions & reactions in the soil, which happen...
pH and salinity | Soil Science
Переглядів 237Місяць тому
Terms: pH, saline soil, sodic soils, buffering capacity pH is a measure of the amount of hydrogen ions that are present - the more hydrogen ions, the lower the pH and the more acidic the soil is. The fewer hydrogen ions, the more basic or alkaline it is, and the higher the pH. It is measured on a log scale between 0-14, with 7 being neutral. If the pH level is off, it can be adjusted by adding ...
Cation exchange capacity (CEC) | Soil Science
Переглядів 217Місяць тому
Terms: ion, cation, cation exchange capacity, anion As background, in chemistry a salt is a neutral compound that consists of a positively charged ion and a negatively charged ion, which cancel each other out. An ion is just an atom or a molecule that has some kind of electrical charge - it's called a cation if the charge is positive and an anion if it's negative. (To remember, "cation" has a "...
Soil water | Soil Science
Переглядів 4522 місяці тому
Terms: water holding capacity, capillary water, field capacity, gravitational water, permanent wilting point The start of the video includes an overview of chemistry concepts that affects soil water. In particular, capillary action explains how water moves in a narrow space without being influenced by other forces like gravity. When all the pore spaces in a soil are full of water, like after a ...
Soil biology | Soil Science
Переглядів 3532 місяці тому
Terms: root exudates, rhizosphere, organic matter, soil food web; nutrient cycling, mineralization, compost The terms mycorrhizae and symbiosis were covered in another video: ua-cam.com/video/-M2J3ieoL50/v-deo.html Food webs start with plants that create food through photosynthesis and get eaten by animals. (Soil food webs are similar but with different, smaller organisms.) When animals and pla...
Soil profile | Soil Science
Переглядів 1462 місяці тому
Terms: soil profile, horizon, organic layer, parent material, leach Soils are formed from rock that has been partially broken down into pieces, which is called its *parent material*. The parent material may be made from the same rock that is sits on top of, or it may have been moved to the current location by forces of nature. Changes mainly happen at the surface and move downwards. Dissolved o...
Soil compaction and bulk density | Soil Science
Переглядів 3092 місяці тому
Bulk density is one of the physical properties of soil. To calculate the bulk density, take the weight/mass of a dry soil sample and divide it by the volume. The higher the bulk density, the more solids there are in a given space and the less pore space within. In other words, the soil is compacted. Soil compaction happens when regular traffic occurs over soil, compressing the solids closer tog...
Soil structure | Soil Science
Переглядів 4973 місяці тому
Terms: physical properties: structure, macropore, micropore, aggregate Whereas soil texture describes the particle sizes of soil and their relative proportions, soil structure explains how the individual particles are organized into larger structures called aggregates. A soil aggregate often takes on one of a few forms: spherical, flat, blocky, and columnar or prism-shaped. They can be formed b...
Soil texture | Soil Science
Переглядів 3143 місяці тому
Terms: soil texture, sand, silt, clay, loam Soil that’s ideal for plant growth is about 50% solids and 50% air, aka pore space. By volume, the solids are typically about 45% minerals and 5% organic matter, and the pore space should be around 25% air and water. Soil texture refers to the particle size of the mineral component - the more important sizes are sand, silt and clay. • Sand particles a...
CODIT | Tree Biology
Переглядів 5913 місяці тому
Terms: CODIT, compartmentalization, reaction zone, (ring) shake, barrier zone CODIT stands for Compartmentalization Of Decay In Trees. It’s a model of decay/damage progression in trees by Alex Shigo, a US Forest Service pathologist, based on dissection of tens of thousands of trees. D can also stand for damage or dysfunction. “Compartmentalization” means that the tree responds by trying to form...
Turgor | Tree Biology + Water Management
Переглядів 2623 місяці тому
Turgid: swollen or distended, refers to a cell that’s firm due to water uptake. Cell turgor (aka turgor pressure): the pressure inside of a cell that results from water moving into the cell.It’s important for plants to remain full of water, which is not only essential for life but also their structure and uprightness. By changing the amount of solutes in their cells, they can attract water thro...
Branch Attachment, Part II | Tree Biology + Pruning
Переглядів 3804 місяці тому
To continue on Part I, this video covers branch aspect ratio and included bark. The branch aspect ratio refers to the size of the branch in relation to the parent stem to which it's attached. A branch that is half the size of the stem has a ratio of 1:2 or 50%, whereas a codominant stem is the same size (1:1, 100%). Ideally, the branch aspect ratio is 50% or less, which enhrances the formation ...
Branch attachment, Part I | Tree Biology
Переглядів 4184 місяці тому
Terms: branch collar, branch bark ridge, branch protection zone, branch union Knowing how branches are attached is among the most foundational knowledge for tree workers. For clarity, stem = parent stem, larger of the 2; branch = smaller one that's attached to the parent stem (once it starts branching, it too becomes a stem) The branch union is the point on the stem that a branch is attached, s...
References for Tree Biology + Tree ID | Arborist Study Guide
Переглядів 2634 місяці тому
References for Tree Biology Tree ID | Arborist Study Guide
Propagation and cultivation | Tree ID
Переглядів 2115 місяців тому
Propagation and cultivation | Tree ID
Plant growth regulators - BONUS (gibberellin, abscisic acid, ethylene) | Tree Biology
Переглядів 3336 місяців тому
Plant growth regulators - BONUS (gibberellin, abscisic acid, ethylene) | Tree Biology
Plant growth regulators (auxin & cytokinin) | Tree Biology
Переглядів 6226 місяців тому
Plant growth regulators (auxin & cytokinin) | Tree Biology
Mycorrhizae | Tree Biology & Soil Science
Переглядів 5217 місяців тому
Mycorrhizae | Tree Biology & Soil Science
Why this channel? | Arborist Study Guide
Переглядів 3857 місяців тому
Why this channel? | Arborist Study Guide
Great suggestions! Thank you. Regarding biology, specifically for trees, another good book is Plant Tree Biology. And a book similar to Raven's, but focused on physiology, is Plant Physiology and Development by Taiz. It features many images, diagrams, and clear explanations.
Thanks for the referral for Taiz - I have heard the name with Zeiger and forget why. I had been meaning to get tree/woody plant physiology texts from Kozlowski since it's more specific, but those don't seem to be updated. I looked up "Plant Tree Biology" and nothing matched it exactly. Do you have an author?
@arboriststudyguide Sorry, I made a mistake citing the text; I meant Applied Tree Biology (Hirons and Thomas). As for Physiology of Woody Plants by Kozlowski, I found it as a PDF on Google. If you can’t find it, I can forward it to you if you’d like.
@@giovannirizzi5022 Thanks man! I prefer paper books (too much screen time lol) so I'll look for a hard copy. How do you feel about the Applied Tree Bio book? I took a look at it before, now that I looked it up again, and one of the reviews said that there was good info but also "Some of the expert sections where quite subjective and in my professional opinion downright "voodooish" - did you get that sense?
Cheryl is quite possibly a hag. Nice video!
Please clear out racemose and cymose sub topics under this umbrella of topic inflorescence too,it would be a great help
I have to be honest - that's actually more detailed than I ever learned it! (though I did not take a proper botany class). Since my channel is focused on introducing concepts for prospective arborists, I won't be making a video on that. but there seems to be a few on youtube, including this short: ua-cam.com/users/shortsq3qzuYizAnY (I haven't verified whether it's accurate but it is one of the first ones that show up)
Damn underrated gem fr!!
@@komitetgosudarstvennoybezo5216 🤗
When I was farming we used a subsoiler deep chisel about 16-24 inches deep, we had a 9 shank, it was a good load for our tractor, Stiger
@@dirtfarmer7472 that would definitely be an easier option especially if there aren't any trees yet! Unfortunately would tear up the roots of existing trees :/
The bits that is missing here is: you need to know the depth of your compaction before deciding on the best method to mitigate. You also need to know what type of soil you have, some soils will naturally de-compact with no need for input. Any organic matter will enhance soil health, but wood chip is slow as it locks up nitrogen and surpasses microbial action for a period, better mixed with compost.
@@JamesTrounce yep, this is more of an intro to the topic, not meant to go into depth. Nitrogen lock up is an issue but occurs mainly at the surface/soil interface as long as you aren't digging the wood chips into the soil. The wood chips are also good for preventing additional compaction, whereas compost is much finer and doesn't offer the same benefits. For hands off/patient people, wood chips are a good option.
Thank you so much or this channel! It's exactly what I need and looked for in this moment in my life and I didn't expect to find it in such a condense, extensive, and yet very comprehensible way! Invaluable to me right now!! On top, your narration is very pleasant to listen to.^^ Just hope, that many more people in the same need get here. Keep up the good work; I wish you all the best!
@@noafd-i1v 🥰 thank you so much for the kind words, sooo liberal in your compliments! I am guessing you are studying for the arborist test, or if not, taking a related class... Either way, do keep me posted on your progress!!
I exist, can gophers help mend the soil
@@DavidSchneller-i7w 🤣 yes, they actually can by improving structure - both by creating larger macropores (their channels) and by compressing soil particles into aggregates
Why can the slurry from the wet vacuum method not be reused?
@@ptonpc the end result seems to be about 60 percent water, which you can't remove on site. I did some quick reading and it sounds like there are rules around how the slurry is dumped or processed since it could contain contaminants (oils. Chemicals etc)
Thanks youtube, no idea why this was recommended but this was interesting.
@@Freerunx3 🤣 glad to hear it. Maybe a need for the info will come up in the near future!
@arboriststudyguide I do love trees!
I recently discovered your channel and I just wanted to say thank you. You’re a great teacher and your videos are very helpful.
@@armandogutierrez3812 thank you Armando! Hope you enjoy your learning / studying journey!
Buen video 👌👍
@@adrianluna4978 thank you!
I love your videos and your voice is lovely to listen to. Cheers from England
Thank you!!! Both the feedback, and speaking up in my defense, are much appreciated!
@@arboriststudyguide is pine tree a evergreen
@@arboriststudyguide is pine tree evergreen
@@arboriststudyguide hi
This is fascinating. Working around trees and flowers every day and I was ignorant to all of this information. Great video.
Currently studying for my arborist certification. I have the ISA study guide. Aside from your videos, do you suggest any other material to help with the test?
@@PerpetuaILearning are you in the Isa study group on Facebook? They have regular posts about this, and they also have a 400 question test that people seem to swear by. Some people find the study guide enough, there's also the Georgia arborist and Nebraska forest service youtube channels with long videos that cover the study guide. Those are more lecture style.
@ much appreciated
Great video, thanks for the info.
@@PerpetuaILearning thank you!
Amazing description, so well said. Thank you
Thank you!! for watching & giving feedback
Love your content
glad to hear that! 😁
Your videos are awesome! Very very interesting and informative
@@filippocampy6763 thanks a lot for both watching and giving the feedback!
Thank you!!! Do you have an Instagram page?
@@filippocampy6763 thanks - and no, I don't!
The quality of her voice is extremely difficult to listen to. She drops it to a grating rasp. I think this is a fad, to be honest. I'll be glad when it passes. There's some good information in the video.
@@cheryllafferty5370 unfortunately Cheryl, that's just my natural voice - it takes a conscientious and considerable effort to get out of it. I only noticed after my friend pointed that out.
That's quite rude.
@@Jay-lr3me yeah
Great work
Thank you!
You have to underline the genus and species name separately when it is handwritten, a single continuous line underneath wont work
Interesting, I hadn't heard about that before. Is it in the International Code?
Thanks for the videos. It has been interesting and I have been learning. Please keep them coming, and I will continue watching! Sidenote, would you say it’s usually good to remove ‘skins’ on fan palms? And if I ground them up, would it be good for organic mulch for the soil? Thank you
I will absolutely keep them going! If by skin, you mean the bases of the fronds that are left around the trunk - if done correctly, their removal is mainly cosmetic. If done poorly, the trunk can get injured and the wound will never close over, since they aren't true trees and don't have wood that's added on each year. From a soil perspective, any organic matter would be good. However, palms don't break down as readily as trees, and it might shred instead of chipping. I've seen palm fronds and trunks get fluffy after chipping, if they chip at all - that may affect water infiltration into the soil (admittedly, have no experience with this, only speculating). If you're OK with the shredded palm appearance and persistence, it can work as a mulch because eventually SOMETHING will break it down. Might be best to chip other stuff too if palm is your own source of organic material.
@@arboriststudyguide thank you!
Thank you. It helps to understand tree biology..
You are welcome!
Next question: When describing a soil, is it appropriate, or necessary to describe it by its parent material and by texture size? As in Basaltic loam or limestone clay.
@@robertkelly5025 that's a more detailed question, I don't have an answer for that since I didn't delve into it during my reading. With your soil science background you might be able to find that information online - maybe starting with soil classification / taxonomy? The textural class is common (there's a separate texture video) and you can find that after figuring out percent of sand, silt and clay - I didn't go over how you do that.
I love these posts. This is an area in which I would love to do a lot more research. I've heard it explained by someone of renown in the world of mycology (it may have been Paul Stamets) that old forests use mycelium to enable communications between the mother trees (?-not sure that is the term) and its offspring. Frog's Leap winery up in Rutherford in Napa uses biodynamics and organic methods to ensure the health of the vines through what they believe is the relationship between the vines and the mycelium. Super interesting. Using these methods the wines that come out of a vintage represent that vintage better than the when using more advanced growing and production methods, so a hot vintage with long autumn will taste completely different than a cool wet vintage when the grapes are picked early. The 98 cab (98 was a wet el nino year so poor fruit set and uneven ripening with picking happening as late as November) tasted completely different than the 97 (a long hot growing season with picking happening around mid-September). I'm not sure why I just went into that soliloquy. I guess, "Thanks".
I don't have anything to add to the above (I've heard some whisperings of those things but haven't looked into it myself) - and you're welcome!
I live in the SF Bay Area and am moving to the eastern slope of Colorado. I am mesmerized by flora and would like to do some bonzai. I took soil science in college as part of turf management and am currently trying to study more on the mycelium/root relationships and how to make it flourish, especially as it pertains to bonsai. I'm also very interested in how pH relates to cation exchange for those 10% nutrients that aren't named carbon, oxygen and hydrogen. A soft goal I have is to grow a very large bonsai colony of Aspen trees (connected with their roots but with the outcropping clones essentially buried in small plot to restrict the root growth) with a large culture of Armillaria ostoyae. I am currently growing two corkscrew willows, three Japanese maples, one rock juniper, a coast redwood, an Oregon white oak and a coastal red oak with fair success. Anything you could do to aid in my learning would be appreciated.
This probably isn't new for you since you took soil science, but it should not be hard to look for pH & nutrient availability (re nutrients), the chart showing when certain nutrients are available is going to be familiar to you. As for mycelium, you could look at whatever the fungus needs and cultivate those conditions, but they may be different than what the plants want. If you specifically mean mycorrhizae, it sounds like you can't force it - and bonsai care is at odds with mycorrhizae because the latter only works if the plant needs the fungus - otherwise there's no reason to establish that relationship. I have a short video on it but likely will not be enough for what you're looking for. You could also look up Elaine Ingham for her soil health videos.
Commenting for the algorithm. Thank you for these videos. They’re super helpful for me. I’m transitioning from landscaping to tree care in the hopes of becoming an arborist. I can’t yet afford study materials. So thank you again. these videos make valuable tree care information accessible to more people.
😎glad you found this channel and the algorithm help is always appreciated! are you moving to a tree company soon, or is this a solo endeavor? Hopefully, your employer will pay for it or have a copy of the book somewhere - since the language of the test probably matches the study guide more, it'd be useful to see how they explain things.
I find it more calming to listen to this than rather listening to a "fun engaging" voice and only using cartoon diagrams.
aw thank you! however i must warn you...in the soil science chapter (working on it now) i am using drawings when I can't find visuals for the concepts. but no worries, i still don't have a "fun engaging" voice. 🤣 (i know which voice you are talking about)
You're helping me on my journey to get the certification. Thank you! I finish a chapter, then come here to really help what I read sink in.
Awesome!! That's the goal. By the way, if you missed it: this channel might be good when you're getting closer to the finish line where you need more rapid/concise review www.youtube.com/@TreeTutor
Thank you!
Thank YOU are you actually watching through my videos even though you're already a BCMA? 😯😂
Fantastic! Useful information, summarizes several other videos on how to build and maintain soil. Would be interesting a video about cover crops, the sinergys in crops, fixing nitrogen... Thanks for the job!
You're welcome! That is true, those are definitely good topics to know -there are some great videos out there on that. It's been a while since I watched this one, but I remember Dr Elaine being a really, really good source of information for that. Here's part 1 ua-cam.com/video/ErMHR6Mc4Bk/v-deo.htmlsi=7qUqJcZxBSqK-znx
Thank you
No problem, you are welcome
Very well done!
Thanks Chris!
Great video! Thank you!
Thanks dude! Appreciated.
Cotelyadon!
It's a first joke you see...
@@lillystrider4849 🤣 i think my brain is broken today. I got half the joke but didn't finish making the connection!
Thanks
@@AZnomad you're welcome!
"...a tomato plant..." 💀💀💀💀
@@ceebee9605 oh yea I didn't have one of those so I had to substitute 😂 but that's where I first heard the advice - for tomato growing
@@arboriststudyguide loved it so much!!! haha! 🤣🤣 great vid
@@ceebee9605 thanks! Glad to hear it 😊
Thank you for the information!🌳
@@nobodysanything2330 no problem! Thank you for checking it out!
Always wanted to know more about tree anatomy, but I wasn't brave enough to study botany at school. Thanks for the free education!
@@mcshadow5000 you're welcome 🤗 besides what's covered in the study guide I intend to do more deep dives in the future.
love this
:D
awesome!
thanks!
So happy to be a certified arborist now, thanks for all the help with your videos!
@@grant9047 awesome grant!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!! Thanks for updating me! And thanks for helping my channel with your comments!
@@arboriststudyguide yes all the comments should boost your videos ;)
@@grant9047 exactly! i figured out what you were doing cuz I saw you comment that on your own channel. though you are an arborist now, i am hoping to include practical info at the end. eventually, if i ever get through the arborist cert guide, i want to move onto utility/municipal/master arborist ones.
Muchas gracias Felicidades
@@altumx de nada!
Thanks for sharing. These videos are quite simple and straightforward. Keep creating !
Thank you for the feedback, that's definitely my goal!
Which book are you using?
This is Biology of Plants 7th ed, by Raven Evert and Eichhorn. (It will show up a lot for bio related topics; I started adding the source info in later videos)