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Current density (6kA/m2) and active membrane area (2.7 m2) can be found in the CAK BREF (bipolar configuration): Best Available Techniques Reference Document for the Production of Chlor-alkali at eippcb.jrc.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2019-11/CAK_BREF_102014.pdf. See the table on the typical configurations of a monopolar and a bipolar membrane cell plant on page 31. The residence time and cell volume are specific knowledge of the technology suppliers.

@@eurochlor7990 Really appreciated your answer. I am trying to design a electrolyzer that generate NaOH from a Na2CO3 + Na2S solution , so it is not to produce Cl2 since we do not have NaCl, the gas generate I assume it would be CO2+1/2O2 from carbonate oxidation and sulphur (S) solid for Na2S. Do you think the intensity (kA/m2) and voltage would be the same ? I thought that it depends on Ecell = Ecathode - Eanode, i can calculate the voltage of my cell and then, assume the same intensity, but i just have not found anything related to my reaction, lot of information from chlor alkali but not for NaCO3+Na2S

The technology is used to make chlor-alkali products - you can read more about this on our website www.eurochlor.org.

Asbestos usually

Non-asbestos diaphragms are composed of: (1) fibres with a PTFE polymer backbone with zirconia (ZrO2) particles embedded in and on the PTFE, and (2) free zirconia particles. Source BREF/BAT Chlor-Alkali - www.eurochlor.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/CAK_BREF_102014.pdf

Thank you ;-)

Many thanks for your question. Depleted brine is made up of salt (usually sodium chloride) in water. Once it has been used it is treated to remove impurities, more treated salt is added before it is recycled back into the electrolysis cell to make more chlor-alkali.

Thanks Patrick! Good luck with your studies!

Thanks for your comment... the water for hydrogen production is less than our total consumption as there is some water in the caustic soda that is made. This equals around 9kg of water per kg of hydrogen (the same as standard water electrolysis, but you also get chlorine and caustic soda/potash products from our production). For your first question, lots of useful info can be found on our website www.eurochlor.org/topics/sustainability/ecoprofile/ and www.eurochlor.org/about-chlor-alkali/what-is-hydrogen/ as well as in this detailed info paper www.eurochlor.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/12-Electrolysis-production-costs.pdf

Thanks for your question. We use direct current to produce the three products in one process.

Thanks for your question. To split ‘salt’ into chlorine and caustic soda/ potash, a minimum voltage of 2.2 Volts is required. However, the electrodes need a few more volts to work and to keep the products on the correct side (also helped out by a ‘barrier’, such as a membrane or diaphragm). Some volts are also lost if this ‘barrier’/ the electrodes are old or made of the wrong materials. Most modern membrane electrolysis cells run between 2.8 and 3.2 Volt. Where 4 Volt are required there may be problems with the electrode/ membrane/ electrical connections.

Thanks Martim for your comment! We look forwards to seeing you at WCC soon.

That is not entirely true, Chris. Of course chlorine as such is a disinfectant, but also under the form of ferric chloride (FeCL3), chlorine chemistry is vital for sewage and industrial water cleaning: it takes out pollutants like heavy metals!