History of Soomro Caste
Unrevealed information of Soomro caste.
ua-cam.com/play/PLy7JVKLq-YjO5c83rOa6iRlPxnAJXqszO.html&si=VhBhDjcwFtnp_SNQ
This video documentary explores the real history of the Soomro caste. The origins of the Soomro people have often been debated, with various writers suggesting links to Arabic, Rajput, Hindu, and even Jewish backgrounds. Some researchers, however, agree that certain Soomro tribes in Sindh do have Arabic roots. This documentary combines these findings into one detailed story about the Soomro heritage. Watch until the end to understand the full history, and thank you for watching!
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Soomro (Sindhi: سومرو‎, Devanagari: सूमरो), Soomra, Sumrah or Sumra is a tribe having a local origin in Sindh. They are found in Sindh, parts of Punjab especially bordering Sindh, Balochistan province, and the Kutch district of the Indian state of Gujarat and also Rajasthan. The Soomras ruled throughout the Sindh and Multan regions.
The Soomro tribe established the Soomra dynasty in 1025 CE, which re-established native Sindhi rule over Sindh since the Arab conquests. Many members of the Soomro caste were one of the first in Sindh to convert to Islam from Hinduism but initially continued to maintain several Hindu customs and traditions.
Establishment
The early history of Soomras is unclear. Ali describes the flight and eventual death by drowning of Hafif (var. Khafif), then-ruler of Sindh, during the faceoff with Mahmud but does not specify whether he was the last Habbarid or first Soomra.[4][a] Later chroniclers like Ali ibn al-Athir (c. late 12th c.) and Ibn Khaldun (c. late 14th c.) attributed the fall of Habbarids to Mahmud of Ghazni, lending credence to the argument of Hafif being the last Habbarid. The Soomras appear to have established themselves as a regional power in this vacuum.
In an old Balochi ballad, Dodo Soomra IV is mentioned as a Jaghdal (Balochi term for Jat), marrying a baloch woman. From him, the Dodai clan of Balochs claim descent. Tabakat-i-Akbari (16th cen.) mentions Soomras as a Jat tribe.
The Soomras themselves also claimed an Arab origin.
They have been retrospectively claimed to be Parmar Rajputs. In Ain I Akbari (16th century) the Sumra dynesty is mentioned as of A Rajput leneage. Some of them were adherents of Isma'ilism - Arab travelers held them to be Qarmatians, and correspondence with the Fatimid caliph, Al-Mustansir Billah has been located.
Territory
The Ghurids and Ghaznavids continued to rule parts of Sindh, across the eleventh and early twelfth century, alongside Soomras. The precise delineations have yet to be discovered, but the Soomras were probably centered in lower Sindh. One of their kings Shimuddin Chamisar had submitted to Iltutmish, the Sultan of Delhi, and was allowed to continue as a vassal.
Maulai Shedai, a local researcher, believes Soomra are Parmar Rajputs. But Ahmad Hasan Dani claims "of this there is no definite proof" and adds that it is almost certain the tribe has local origins as the kings bore local names. M. H. Panhwar, a Sindhologist, also rejects a Rajput origin and attributes its to James Todd but still accepts native origin. Some writers have detailed about a subdivision in Jats with the name "Sumra". But Historian André Wink has mentioned that the Soomras were not Jats.
He has also explained that Soomras who were of local Sindhi origin and had been semi-independent rulers after the death of Mahmud of Ghazni were different to pastoral-nomadic Jats or Meds. As per him, rise of Soomras was one of the factor in movement of the Jats of lower Sindh towards north. Ghulam Hussain and others argue that the Soomros and other native tribes indigenous to Sindh slowly began to 'Ashrafize' themselves by remaking their genealogies to further associate themselves with Syeds whom they possibly intermarried and acquired power through.
According to Tarikh Waqa`i Rajisthan, Soomras were Parmar Rajputs.
Pre-eminent Sindhi scholar Nabi Baksh Baloch tried to reconcile all different conflicting accounts of Soomra origin. He considered Soomras, a hybrid race that was mix of Sindhi-Arab blood, emerged after the Ummayad caliph Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik’s decree asking Arab officers posted in Sindh to settle in the land permanently. Consequently they took Sindhi wives and subsequently married their daughters in Sindhi families. Hence, Dr. Baloch writes that:
Soomras were descendents of these hybrid princes, whose ancestors, according to common legend, were either Arabs or their grand-sons on the mothers’ side.