Acid and base react together to form salt and water. This reaction is well known and is called neutralisation.
When the salt is dissolved in water, the solution can either be acidic, basic or neutral. This is because of a process called hydrolysis, which basically is an interaction of cations and anions with water molecule. The interaction is not observed in the case of strong anions and cations.
The pH of the salt solution depends on the relative strengths of acids and bases determine if the solution of the salt formed is acidic or basic.
Essentially:
1. Strong acid + Strong base: Salt solution of this is neutral
2. Strong acid + Weak base: Salt solution of this is acidic
3. Weak acid + Strong base: Salt solution of this is basic
4. Weak acid + Weak base: Based on the relative strength of acid and base, the salt solution is either acidic or basic
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