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AnalogVideoChannel
Приєднався 11 жов 2019
Overviews, repair, and other stuff about VCRs and other old video gear.
TBC horizontal stabilization stress test part 2
Comparing some more devices:
Datavideo TBC-3000 - standalone TBC unit using Philips SAA7111H video decoder
Pioneer DVR-440 - dvd-recorder based on NEC EMMA2-chipset
Panasonic DMR-ES10 - dvd-recorder based on Panasonics own chipset
JVC HR-S8600EU - JVCs Custom TBC/DNR IC
As with the previous video, all samples are from a Panasonic NV-SD220 other than the last sample which is from the JVC HR-S8600 with the TBC/DNR function active. The NV-SD220 is a very basic late 90s 2-head mono VCR but it has the same solid K-mechanism used panasonics prosumer SVHS VCRs of the time like the NV-HS1000, NV-HS950 and AG1980P, the instability happened during recording of the tape, it's not anything to do with playback.
The video is recorded using a capture card directly from the output of the dvd-recorders, not to the dvd-recorders themselves.
Some notes:
This is a very extreme sample probably caused by some issue with the camcorder during recording. I've never seen the pioneer been thrown off like this on other tapes and even the datavideo doesn't normally go this off even though it doesn't do a great job at horizontal stabilization in general. As one can see in the previous video if one examines closely, it even manages to slightly upset the Panasonic DMR-EH58 very slightly at one spot while the slightly older ES10 manages to power through.
This sample may also be making the JVC TBC look a bit nicer than it is, while it works very well here, it is somewhat prone to vertical jittering instead which isn't triggered by this particular recording but can be an issue on others.
The video levels were lightly tweaked in post to somewhat match but this video should probably not be used to make any strong judgement about fine detail image quality on these devices still as I didn't put much effort into making sure all that was properly set up when capturing.
Datavideo TBC-3000 - standalone TBC unit using Philips SAA7111H video decoder
Pioneer DVR-440 - dvd-recorder based on NEC EMMA2-chipset
Panasonic DMR-ES10 - dvd-recorder based on Panasonics own chipset
JVC HR-S8600EU - JVCs Custom TBC/DNR IC
As with the previous video, all samples are from a Panasonic NV-SD220 other than the last sample which is from the JVC HR-S8600 with the TBC/DNR function active. The NV-SD220 is a very basic late 90s 2-head mono VCR but it has the same solid K-mechanism used panasonics prosumer SVHS VCRs of the time like the NV-HS1000, NV-HS950 and AG1980P, the instability happened during recording of the tape, it's not anything to do with playback.
The video is recorded using a capture card directly from the output of the dvd-recorders, not to the dvd-recorders themselves.
Some notes:
This is a very extreme sample probably caused by some issue with the camcorder during recording. I've never seen the pioneer been thrown off like this on other tapes and even the datavideo doesn't normally go this off even though it doesn't do a great job at horizontal stabilization in general. As one can see in the previous video if one examines closely, it even manages to slightly upset the Panasonic DMR-EH58 very slightly at one spot while the slightly older ES10 manages to power through.
This sample may also be making the JVC TBC look a bit nicer than it is, while it works very well here, it is somewhat prone to vertical jittering instead which isn't triggered by this particular recording but can be an issue on others.
The video levels were lightly tweaked in post to somewhat match but this video should probably not be used to make any strong judgement about fine detail image quality on these devices still as I didn't put much effort into making sure all that was properly set up when capturing.
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Відео
vhs-decode TBC test
Переглядів 4,6 тис.Рік тому
Comparison of vhs-decode output with 2 capture cards and a dvd-recorder on a camcorder that seems to have had some issues during recording causing a lot of jitter Diamond VC500 USB 2.0 capture dongle - (Conexant CX2310x-based video IC), I-O Data GV-USB2 USB 2.0 capture dongle - (Renesas/Techwell TW9910 video decoder) Panasonic DMR-EH58 DVD/HDD-recorder - Panasonic video IC All captured from a P...
Fisher FVH-P450S overview and repair
Переглядів 928Рік тому
2 Head hi-fi VHS VCR from the early 1990s Service manual can be found here: archive.org/details/manual_FVHP450_SM_FISHER_EN
vhs-decode sync detection improvements
Переглядів 2,1 тис.2 роки тому
Demoing some improvements in vhs-decode on a problem tape. A comparison between an older version of vhs-decode and some other conventional captures of the tape can be seen in this video ua-cam.com/video/L08zpYg7Ssg/v-deo.html by VideoExtrication which captured the sample originally. I don't have the full sample used there so don't know for sure if it fixes all the issues or not. vhs-decode is s...
JVC Advertisement 1991
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Ad for JVC audio/video products recorded on VHS off air, off TVNorge sometime in late 1991. Featuring TV, VCR, Stereo, Camcorder and a woman playing trumpet for some reason. Digitized using a Sony SLV-SE60 VCR, going via a RDR-HX750 dvd-recorder (for stabilization/TBC) to capture card. Processed, deinterlaced (QTGMC) and denoised with ffmpeg, avisynth audacity. The recording was pretty noisy, p...
Sony SL-C5E Betamax (part 1)
Переглядів 1,1 тис.3 роки тому
Checking out this big boy and fixing a servo problem caused by light blue sanyo capacitors (of some sort) going bad. Planning to do an overview once I've looked into the remaining issues.
Grundig VCR advertisement (IN SPACE)
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Ad for a grundig VCR and TV (think it's a VHS one.) Digitized from off-air VHS recording of SUPER channel, presumably late 80s sime time. Using a Samsung SV-6553x VCR - Panasonic DMR-EH57 DVD/HDD-Recorder - HDMI splitter - capture card. Processed and denoised using Avisynth. Footage seemed to be half frame rate (with doubled up fields rather than 2:2 pulldown.), so no 50fps here.
vhs-decode test clip may 10 2021 (spacejam off air)
Переглядів 1,4 тис.3 роки тому
vhs-decode is a software vhs and u-matic (and probably more eventually) decoder, processing the output from the video head amplifier in software, bypassing the vcr eletronics. It's based on the ld-decode project doing the same for laserdiscs. github.com/oyvindln/ld-decode (need a better website for it) www.domesday86.com/ Domesday86/#vhs-decoding project on Discord discord.gg/YxDprdbVEU Sample...
JVC HR XVS20 overview - combo VCR with SVHS!
Переглядів 9003 роки тому
Quick overview of a JVC HR-XVS20, one of the few DVD combo VCRs with proper SVHS recording and playback. Procrastinated on finishing this for way too long. Seems the compression makes the audio issue a bit harder to hear.
Sony CCD-V700 videoHi8 camera demostration tape (PAL)
Переглядів 10 тис.4 роки тому
While it's a demo tape for a Hi8 camera, it seems this demo tape normal 8mm format. Presumably it came with the camcorder or something. Digitized from a Sony CCD-TRV66E camera.
Mono VHS VCR review from TV2 Hjelper deg 1996 (Norwegian)
Переглядів 4654 роки тому
Review of mono VCRs from the TV show "TV2 Hjelper deg" from 1996. Recorded from a samsung sv 6553x via hdmi out from Sony RDR-HX750, processed using avisynth. Tape quality and recording was very crummy, so the quality is not great.
Philips VHS VCR Advertisement (Norwegian)
Переглядів 5125 років тому
Advertisement for Philips VHS VCRs in Norwegian. Will add subs later. Captured with Diamond VC500 from a Panasonic NV-HS1000EC SVHS player. Source tape wasn't the best, so there's some ringing and not the best audio. Sorry for the lack of uploads lately, hopefully I will have time to make some more videos soon.
JVC HR-S8600 Super VHS VCR quick overview
Переглядів 1,2 тис.5 років тому
JVC HR-S8600 Super VHS VCR quick overview
Your Panasonic DMR-ES10 is NTSC or PAL? I bought the PAL version for 10€ without a remote and with the DVD door "broken" and i am aware that the first generation of these had problems with brightness in all his analog outputs except the AV1 SCART port.
Hello, do you have FACEBOOK? I would like to ask if the file saved by this kind of thing is large.
The dynamic drum shouldn't make that much of a clicking noise, basically means that at least one of the gears is cracked in the dynamic drum. Usually it is best to disable the dynamic drum for longevity so that there's the least stress on the DD motor
About the linear audio issue, I know it's an old video and maybe it doesn't matter now, but check the affected tape for damage along the top edge, I've got two VHS only JVCs using a similar looking mech and both were feathering the edge of the tape because of the guide pin on the white plastic arm next to the pinch roller being ever so slightly out of alignment, likely due to plastic shrinkage as they were also cracked at the base. I added a very thin plastic spacer underneath and that seems to have fixed them
Did you have to clean the mode switch?
The Panasonic DMR-EH58 is too modern. The older Panasonic DMR-E55EG has a real frame TBC/synchronizer ua-cam.com/video/M5kYTCwYVy8/v-deo.html
what is a good capture device for bad signal like vhs generation loss without dropping frames and gives a proper picture and does not cost an arm and a leg
Song? 2:00 - 2:15
No idea, probably from some stock music library
Man, this commercial doesn’t look like Nordic at all; it looks more like the Yugoslav commercials from that time (even though Yugoslavia collapsed that year along with USSR), prob because it was made by a small low-budget marketing company…
i think same mech in my sanyo vhr5100ee
I am wondering about clipping with VHS decode. This video looks like there is a lot of clipping in it. ua-cam.com/video/pEzmbw_Y-Tw/v-deo.htmlsi=arzxvpL0mpnCVX4K when you go to 15:22 and also about all of the clips in this video have clipping. I think the proc amp in my TBC 3000 would prevent those colors from being clipped but the decode people say that they can prevent clipping just as well as a proc amp because they don’t capture YUV. Can they prevent clipping as well as a Proc Amp?
In this video I didn't really bother to fix the video levels as noted in the description so there may be clipping in several of the clips. The DMR-EH58 (and other panasonc dvd-recorders) do have a design flaw where they tend to clip very bright from vhs though which can't be fixed after capture (though can be worked around to a degree if you can lower the video signal level going into it.) With vhs-decode you capture the raw signal from the tape, not the decoded output so you can avoid any clipping if you want as you have full control over all of the decoding steps so you can adjust as needed. The person in that video may not have exported it to youtube that way though. The TBC-3000 has a proc amp so you can adjust the levels on it to avoid it clipping though the built in TBCs in some VCRs which you have to use since it doesn't stabilize horizontal jitter much on it's own (as seen in my followup video) do. The TBC/DNR unit in PAL JVC SVHS VCRs is one example, those do clip very bright parts, not sure if the same is true when it comes to the NTSC variant.
@@analogvideochannel4612 okay cool that’s interesting. I was wondering about that with decode. Yeah I have a Panasonic 1980p ag and a pinnacle 710 but I’m just about to start putting out videos. I’m learning hybrid and figuring out some of the software side better.
Imported camera's like the CCDV600e / V700e and V800e (AEP/PAL color system) where official only camcorders not videorecorders due import tax in Europe (not abroad like in the US (NTSC color system)). You could modify them by using a slight modified Sony RM-95 (add R018 = 10 kOhm +1 jumper) remote to change data inside those camcorders. Also add a switch (9 (3x3, common in the middle) pins for audio L/R IN/OUT and composite video IN/OUT) on videoboard. Frame rec switch became a rec switch in VTR mode and in CAM mode it stayed as a frame Rec switch . Great time as former Sony technician (1983-2010). Bought recently a CCD-V800e with many defect , leaking elco's and are toxid. Hard to fix = replace. Also standerd mechanical problems like mode switch too much thick clue and tape guides getting lose and broken copper plates under the tape guides. Now owner of 2 DSR-PDX10P miniDV camcorders.
Yea the caps in these early 90s sonys seem to all go bad over time, I don't have any of these but I have some others like a TR705e and a TR840e that I started on trying to fix at one point.
Luckily their big brothers, the CCD-V5000E and CCD-V6000E had video input capabilities.
Excellent presentation, can't wait to try this process out in the future.
Found this beauty in the trash yesterday works perfectly but no remote lol
Neat supplemental instruction manual tape. Everything needs one of these if you ask me.
This model is similar like my grandpa's Handycam, Sony Handycam CCD F300, unfortunately i can't even find the parts and the charger, even the manual book are little bit hard to find in the internet
What was your hardware path for vhs-decode?
Pansonic NV-SD220 VCR connected to a domesday duplicator using standard oscilloscope probes
@@analogvideochannel4612 Hello, do you have FACEBOOK? I would like to ask if the file saved by this kind of thing is large.
DMR-EH58 does really well, but you of course can't beat virtually unlimited compute power in vhs-decode.
💯⭐️🇹🇷👍 I have nearly 100 betamax and vhs devices in stock, I have nearly 10,000 betamax and vhs tapes, these are excellent devices and tapes.
Dang, VHS-Decode looks awesome. I still go the DV route (JVC BR-S525E -> Panasonic WJ-MX50 -> Panasonic NV-DV10000 -> Scenalizer -> AVS/QTGMC) and I'm wondering how close the quality is to VHS-Decode aka if it's worth it... ?
Very cool! I just learned about VHS-decode today. I can't wait to try this on all of my decks. Looks like they don't have Beta or BetaSP decode yet but hopefully soon. At least I can do my 8mm, VHS, and S-VHS stuff now.
I wonder if Betamax had similar concerns...
Would love to see more comparisons like this. I do wonder though if the VCR used has a line TBC and if so, was it turned on for these tests? Just looking at the captures it looks like there probably isn't one in use?
No, the VCR used here does not have a TBC
This was super helpful for me to understand that yes the VC500 I bought to capture is kinda crap. This vhs-decode project seems promising
The VC500 (and other cards based around the same hardware) are fine with stable in-spec video input but yeah it can not cope well with direct video from videotapes or non-standard video output from e.g old game consoles at all (though this is an extreme example). If you don't want to go all in with tinkering vhs-decode which can be a bit daunting, you can pass the video via certain models of dvd-recorder like one of the ones demoed in this or the second stabilization video on my channel to stabilize it to get pretty decent results with the VC500 (though I've also had some issue with the audio levels being a bit too high on it, not sure if that's still an issue)
@@analogvideochannel4612 The VC500 is known - and confirmed by me as well - to change video levels mid-scene, so even with a stabilized video it is not the best solution.
@@analogvideochannel4612 " (though this is an extreme example). " i have some rather more extreme examples on my channel. those examples make me not believe in tbc at all. in this case it's well known fact diamond is bad, gv seems acceptable, while vhs-decode has best sharpness and stability, ie it's not doing oversharpening like others...oversharpening in the end destroys detail....grass looks better with vhs-decode
Thanks for posting this! I used three models of Sony video cameras for my Tokyo video project from 1990 through to 1993. The Sony CCD-V900, CCD-V700 (the Japanese market NTSC version of the camera featured in this video), and the CCD-V800 (x2). Do you have any information on the CCD-V800? it was very similar to the CCD-V700. The main differences I remember being time code was recorded on the tape with the CCD-V800 and the CCD-V800 had a 10x optical zoom. Incidentally, I burned out all four of the cameras with heavy use. While under warranty all cameras typically needed servicing every three months or so (due to heavy use).
No sorry I don't really know much about these models. You can often find manuals floating around on the internet but if not it can be hard to tell the specifics.
I have a powerful pc and an upper tier dvd/vcr unit. I'm currrently viewing my tapes via an arrangement of both hdmi and a lower tier usb capture card. With the tedious adjustments through OBS, I'm able to yield pretty high quality. Can you point me in the direction of a guide for obtaining the results you've shown here through decoding? What am I missing, besides the I-O Data capture dongle?? Software? Hardware? A decent grasp of coding languages?
Which part specifically? I forgot to link it in the description but if you google vhs-decode you can find info on what it is, it's a bit much for a comment. The others are just direct captures using virtualdub with the respective devices (with panasonc eh58 I recorded the HDMI output from it with a hdmi capture card going via a HDMI splitter to evade HDCP) Then used avisynth to line up all the captures and used a simple deinterlacer (yadif). For an actual capture rather than a comparison I would have used a more sofisticated deinterlacer like QTGMC though. If you just want a pretty decent result on a budget without a ton of extra work, sending the video via one of certain dvd-recorders which have good video stabilizing capabilities and recording thhe direct output with a capture card is an option that can provide very good results.
That's amazing.
Highlights and shadows seem noticeably less crushed on vhs-decode, even compared to the Panasonic!
VHS decode is the best. Panasonic DVD does a really great job also. EH58 is similar to ES10?
It's a little newer, so more like the models from ES15 and newer. Usually it's about the same as the ES10. I don't have a ES10 sample of this uploaded but this tape was one of the very rare cases where there was actually a very slight difference and the EH58 couldn't quite keep it completely stable at the very end while the ES10 did.
@@analogvideochannel4612 Ohh, really interesting. Have you read about that German guy who defend that is better to capture directly from HDMI port from these modern Panasonic dvds ? Seems that have HDMI and being digital, there are some advantages than goes to SVideo analog output again to enter in your capture card..... What do you think? Regards!
@@srmusicomusic4279 Yeah that's what I mostly use, you skip the conversion back to analog and it also gives the full 720 pixels of width without the left/right edges being blanked on most dvd-recorders I've tried on unlike the analog outputs.
@@analogvideochannel4612 wow ! Really interesting 😊. I want to try it . What would be the best Pal Panasonic (or other brand ) model to do it with a good balance with good line tbc and ? My main tapes are mostly in a good condition and I have also a good VCR (Philips DVHS VR 20D) (I Normally disable the internal TBC to use my DMR ES10 . with my Aja Kona LHi solve all drops) Thanks for your videos and knowledge!
@@srmusicomusic4279 Most PAL Panasonics with HDMI out are pretty similar afaik.
Thanks, excellent comparison. I understand VC500 and GV-USB2 had no (line)TBC correction from the player, DMR-EH58 DVD has its own stabilization, and vhs-decode intrinsic TBC features. Correct?
Yup, no TBC in this VCR. I have test captures from the same tape section from a HR-S8600 as well with the TBC on and some other devices.
@@analogvideochannel4612 If you can upload the test, it will be interesting to compare the quality of the USB cards fed with (line) corrected signal versus vhs-decode and DVD-R recorder with no (line)TBC active in VCR
Hello, do you have the original technical service manual for this unit?? I am looking for it 😮
Here, someone uploaded it to archive.org: archive.org/details/manual_SLC5E_SM_SONY
Great video everything proven vhs tapes VCR belts VCR players cleaning tapes everything today now days are everywhere online now days
Cool I got a Luxor VCR with this mechnism luckly I never had to replace the loading belt or anything like cause that seems like a pain to do, it only need a new capstan belt and fuse. Also for the issue with LP at 14:11 I think this VCR is just a SP only unit that can't do LP
Yeah maybe it wasn't clear enough in the video but it's SP only for video, but it can play and record hi-fi audio (with no video) in LP mode. I also Have Luxor and Nokia that are 2-3 years newer (both 2 head mono) with the newer variant of this mechanism but those have a bunch of issues (including capstan belt) but haven't gotten one of them to work well enough yet. (Also have a newer Luxor VCR4786 that works fine but that one and the corresponding Nokia variant is made by Sharp rather than Sanyo.)
@@analogvideochannel4612 Cool, also could you make a video on the Luxor VCR4786? I am a really big fan of Luxor products and there is very little info of luxor online since their products was only sold in small numbers outside Scandinavia
@@SwedishRetroTechNerd Yeah I intend to make a video showing off that (and many other VCRs) eventually.
@@analogvideochannel4612 Thanks really excited to see the Luxor reviewd Luxor is my favorite brand, Luxor is one of those things that makes me a proud suede
Nice video! Thanks.
Why can’t you talk in your videos? I like them, but it would be nice if you explained what the purpose of the video is.
Oh I don't have any issue with talking, this was just a short demo clip. I do that in the other vcr videos, will make a longer overview of this vcr too at some point. Have another one of a Fisher VCR on the way, just need to finish it up.
do you know where I can get a working version of one of these?
I'm not sure, the early 90s Sony 8mm camcorders are notorious for having surface mounted capacitors inside that leak and eventually corrode and ruin the circuit boards if left long enough. And, since everything is super compact it can be a pain to repair them so unless you want spend a bunch of time and energy to try to fix one up yourself it might be difficult to find one that has been serviced or is properly working. The later models from around 94 (not sure exact year) and on or something don't have this issue.
@@analogvideochannel4612 i like the ccd-f/v models because they have the superimposer, but i wonder if any sony models from 1994 onward have one? if you know any models that have a superimposer lemme know
I used four of these when they were new from 1990-93: the CCD-V900, CCD-V700 and CCD-V800. Even when new, they were fragile machines that broke down often if you used them much. Typically I had to take mine in for servicing every three months. Considering they were that fragile when new from the factory, I wouldn't recommend using them now - after 30 years! Capacitors weren't a problem when they were new, but the heads would easily clog and the mechanically complicated tape loading mechanism would also have problems sometimes. On one of them the image sensor burned out and had to be replaced. I loved them at the time (they were the best thing available in the "prosumer" market) but wouldn't want to use one now.
quanto costa questa video camera, vorrei comprarla.
Hi , i bought the same as on your video , but i dont know how to connect this on my samsung smart tv, do you have an idea and tips? Thx 🙏
What inputs does your TV have? You will need a BNC->RCA adapter to plug the video output into most TVs. You may need a composite -> scart adapter if the TV doesn't have a separate plug for composite. If the TV does not have SCART either you will need a composite to HDMI dongle.
Just get a crt and plug it into, the picture is going to look really bad on a flat screen since they aren't designed for old machines like this
Hey, thanks for making this! Does anyone know what battery is needed for one of these as im trying to buy one that does not have a battery. thank you!
I think it uses the standard early 90s consumer camcorder sony batteries but no idea where to find ones that aren't dead.
Np-77 for example
@@karate_official Okay cool thx
My respect for people who think, design and create this cameras in an age when already computers does exist, but not as they do today!!
Der var det på tide med ei ny drivreim 😂
Jupp, det var problemet.
Спокойной ночи!
nice ! that splitter/capture card is a USB device ? if so which one ? because there's lot of that floating around nowadays, and is a way better option then the EasyCrap devices, you're capturing directly from the HDMI port of the DMR-EH57 ? This DMR-EH57 is a great find ! the component output in progressive mode can be used to defeat Macrovision, you have to do some settings, video from "RGB" to "video with component" and switch "progessive" to on, HDMI will be blocked in this mode. (the DMR-ES35V has a VHS deck but no HDMI out)
The splitter is separate, the hdmi capture card ias a Avermedia U3. I prefer capturing to interlaced, the build in deinterlacer is meh.
Cool, Never seen a combo with S-VHS pb, I have a Sharp and Panasonic combo that can do PAL EP tho, Tried to record in EP once picture looked really bad, and when trying to play the EP tape in my Esselte moviebox it played speed up times 3x without color.
A camcorder like this was my dream back in the day, Makes me wanna go buy one now and re-live my 20's, But what for? I can't bring back those years that passed without this camcorder being in the palm of my hands. Oh well, that's just how life is sometimes. oln do you mind selling this tape to me? I want to digitize it myself, thanks.
I don't have the tape unfortunately. It was something we got in for digitizing where I used to work together with other tapes and has long been returned to the owner. I can send you the raw capture if you want though. UA-cam killed the quality a bit with compression, should have uploaded in higher res but didn't know at the time.
@@analogvideochannel4612 How big the raw footage? Can it be sent over the cloud?
@@Capturing-Memories about 4.6 Gb when compressing with ffv1+flac, can send it via google drive probably, should maybe put it on the internet archive as well.
@@analogvideochannel4612 Are they AVI files? Would HuffYUV be better? I will be contacting you with an email address.
Go ahead and buy it! I bought a ccd-f350E and im 13! Sadly all of these camcorders from the start to 1994 had bad capacitors, but i will replace them!
Nice format. Maybe the tape guides needs some alignment to get constant RF envelope. Something like setting the tracking at center, then turning the tape guides register screws with special tool until the RF envelope have almost constant amplitude (one at a time). Then, there are some test checks to do with the tracking control and the envelope but I don't remember the details.
Тилинга хаям.
I have a couple Sony handycams. nice!
Hi i have one of these models i need a remote control for it what other jvc remote would work on.
The remotes seem cross-compaible with my slightly older JVC decks (e.g HR-J658) for the VCR side, not sure about the DVD side as I've never really used that. I think, though can't say for 100% sure, that a remote from any 90s/2000s mid-mounted and combo JVC VCR would be compatible (The remotes from Philips branded decks that are made by JVC do not as far as I know). The newer mid 2000s low/mid-range models and combos that are rebadged LG and the 80s vcrs decks may be using a different remote protocols but not sure as I haven't used any of those.
thank you RON.
Not much excuse for mono video recorders still being made in 1996, they would have been very much bottom of the barrel by then. I bought my first stereo video recorder 12 years earlier, in 1984. Beta Hi-Fi, only the best!
Heh, my parents bought a mono NV-SD230 a few years later than this test, which is what I grew up with. Mono recorders were made into the early 2000s at least.
@@analogvideochannel4612 I got a funai combo unit from 2004 that is mono lmao, well the vcr is mono and the dvd player is stereo for some dumb reason