Відео

this view is through sub costal window plane is nearly coronal. beam is directed towards interatrial septum. image on right side of screen indicated left side of heart

Actually, I was doing only Echo of this patient so paediatrician will tell you exact cause, but the cause is always with the pulmonary system, some sort of problem like deficiency of surfactant or some other s

@@Ebreheninordusu blood flows through an orifice, all equidistant points towards the orifice show the same velocity.[7] This phenomenon is called the PISA. In other words, it is another form of the continuity equation that can be represented by Proximal Isovelocity Surface Area (PISA) flow that can create a hemisphere with equal velocity along that surface, as demonstrated in the figure below, labeled as "PISA and Nyquist Limit."[9] See Image. PISA and Nyquist Limit. The Nyquist limit, a signal processing echo-doppler technique, can help in colored doppler to estimate the velocity along with the PISA. It gets an accurate PISA diameter, the Nyquist limit is moved towards the direction of the jet to get a good shell around the regurgitant jet, and the radius could be measured. If there is a regurgitant valve, then one measures the effective regurgitant orifice area (EROA). If it was stenosis, then the measure should be the effective regurgitant orifice area (EROA); thus, multiplying these parameters by VTI, one will get the RV of the valve in question. In practical term, simply move the base line towards the direction of regurgitation in case of MR to get well sized or bigger PISA, (proximal iso velocity surface area)

@@Anshul135 very nice question Both will give similar estimation of right ventricle systolic pressure or pulmonary artery systolic pressure. When there is no significant pulmonary stenosis, right ventricle systolic pressure is almost same as pulmonary systolic pressure

@@samuelnoklang3724 stretched PFO means pfo opening has become more due to increase in right atrial pressure

@@mahmoudandmarwa5998 My assistant was novice

I will try to post it today

@@Anshul135 aorta is coming from both ventricle. more than 50% from left ventricle, so it has to be called aorta is coming, mainly from left ventricle.

@@paropkarechoteaching6564 Thanks Sir, for your reply. But how to differentiate if it is less than or more than 50% from LV ?

@@shivlog6169 Large inlet VSD

@@haseebullah5957 Fibrin polymerization is triggered when thrombin cleaves FpA and FpB from the N-terminal portions of the Aα and Bβ chains of fibrinogen, respectively, producing monomeric fibrin.

@@haseebullah5957 That case didn’t have any finding in favour of constrictive pericarditis

@@samuelnoklang7027 okay thanks

Only one great vessel is coming out of both ventricle that is called truncus

@@paropkarechoteaching6564 ok sir