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MaddHattals Civil War History
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The Clash in the Rolling Hills of Kentucky: The Battle of Perryville
The Battle of Perryville, fought on October 8, 1862, stands as one of the pivotal engagements of the American Civil War. This clash in the rolling hills of Kentucky was not only a testament to the strategic ambitions of both the Union and the Confederacy but also a critical juncture that would shape the course of the war in the Western Theater.
The battle was part of the Confederate Heartland Offensive, orchestrated by General Braxton Bragg and aimed at securing Kentucky for the Confederacy. The state of Kentucky, a border state with divided loyalties, held immense strategic importance due to its resources and geographical location. Control over Kentucky would provide the Confederacy with a gateway to the Union's heartland and potentially sway public opinion in favor of the Southern cause.
On the opposing side, Major General Don Carlos Buell led the Union Army of the Ohio with the mission to thwart the Confederate advance and maintain Union control over Kentucky. The Union forces, consisting of approximately 55,000 troops, vastly outnumbered Bragg's 16,000 soldiers, but the Confederates hoped to leverage the element of surprise and the challenging terrain to their advantage.
The engagement began with preliminary skirmishes on October 7, as Union forces advanced along Springfield Pike. The Confederate cavalry, tasked with delaying the Union advance, engaged in a series of clashes that set the stage for the larger conflict to come. By the morning of October 8, both armies were positioned near the small town of Perryville, ready for the decisive encounter.
The battle commenced in earnest around 2:00 p.m., with Confederate forces launching an aggressive assault on the Union's left flank. General Bragg aimed to exploit the isolated I Corps under General Alexander M. McCook, which was positioned near the Chaplin River. The Union troops, many of whom were inexperienced, faced a relentless onslaught as Confederate forces pressed their advantage.
For several hours, intense fighting raged across the fields and hills. The Union soldiers, though initially overwhelmed, managed to hold their ground through sheer determination and the timely arrival of reinforcements. The terrain, marked by narrow ridges and steep ravines, played a crucial role in shaping the battle's dynamics, forcing both sides to adapt their strategies on the fly.
By late afternoon, the tide of battle began to shift. The Union's numerical superiority and the reinforcement of their lines proved decisive. The Confederate forces, despite their valiant efforts, were gradually pushed back. As nightfall approached, General Bragg made the difficult decision to retreat, recognizing that his outnumbered and exhausted troops could not sustain their positions.
The Battle of Perryville resulted in over 7,600 casualties, a stark reminder of the human cost of the conflict. While tactically inconclusive, the battle held significant strategic implications. The Confederate retreat marked the end of the Heartland Offensive and ensured that Kentucky would remain under Union control for the remainder of the war. This outcome not only bolstered Union morale but also demonstrated the Union's capacity to repel Confederate advances in the Western Theater.
The Battle of Perryville was a crucial turning point in the American Civil War. It underscored the importance of Kentucky as a strategic battleground and highlighted the resilience and determination of both Union and Confederate forces. The battle's legacy is a testament to the complexities and brutal realities of the war, serving as a poignant reminder of the sacrifices made by those who fought on both sides. As a key engagement in the Western Theater, the Battle of Perryville helped shape the broader course of the conflict and left an indelible mark on the history of the Civil War.
00:00 Introduction
00:56 The Battle of Perryville
04:53 How did we get here?
08:57 The Two Armies Move Toward a Fight
12:29 The Armies Converge on Perrysville
17:07 Passing Through the Hamlet of Perrysville
27:18 This Week's Book Recommendation
29:40 Cheatham Pushes the Attack
46:47 The Butcher's Bill
The battle was part of the Confederate Heartland Offensive, orchestrated by General Braxton Bragg and aimed at securing Kentucky for the Confederacy. The state of Kentucky, a border state with divided loyalties, held immense strategic importance due to its resources and geographical location. Control over Kentucky would provide the Confederacy with a gateway to the Union's heartland and potentially sway public opinion in favor of the Southern cause.
On the opposing side, Major General Don Carlos Buell led the Union Army of the Ohio with the mission to thwart the Confederate advance and maintain Union control over Kentucky. The Union forces, consisting of approximately 55,000 troops, vastly outnumbered Bragg's 16,000 soldiers, but the Confederates hoped to leverage the element of surprise and the challenging terrain to their advantage.
The engagement began with preliminary skirmishes on October 7, as Union forces advanced along Springfield Pike. The Confederate cavalry, tasked with delaying the Union advance, engaged in a series of clashes that set the stage for the larger conflict to come. By the morning of October 8, both armies were positioned near the small town of Perryville, ready for the decisive encounter.
The battle commenced in earnest around 2:00 p.m., with Confederate forces launching an aggressive assault on the Union's left flank. General Bragg aimed to exploit the isolated I Corps under General Alexander M. McCook, which was positioned near the Chaplin River. The Union troops, many of whom were inexperienced, faced a relentless onslaught as Confederate forces pressed their advantage.
For several hours, intense fighting raged across the fields and hills. The Union soldiers, though initially overwhelmed, managed to hold their ground through sheer determination and the timely arrival of reinforcements. The terrain, marked by narrow ridges and steep ravines, played a crucial role in shaping the battle's dynamics, forcing both sides to adapt their strategies on the fly.
By late afternoon, the tide of battle began to shift. The Union's numerical superiority and the reinforcement of their lines proved decisive. The Confederate forces, despite their valiant efforts, were gradually pushed back. As nightfall approached, General Bragg made the difficult decision to retreat, recognizing that his outnumbered and exhausted troops could not sustain their positions.
The Battle of Perryville resulted in over 7,600 casualties, a stark reminder of the human cost of the conflict. While tactically inconclusive, the battle held significant strategic implications. The Confederate retreat marked the end of the Heartland Offensive and ensured that Kentucky would remain under Union control for the remainder of the war. This outcome not only bolstered Union morale but also demonstrated the Union's capacity to repel Confederate advances in the Western Theater.
The Battle of Perryville was a crucial turning point in the American Civil War. It underscored the importance of Kentucky as a strategic battleground and highlighted the resilience and determination of both Union and Confederate forces. The battle's legacy is a testament to the complexities and brutal realities of the war, serving as a poignant reminder of the sacrifices made by those who fought on both sides. As a key engagement in the Western Theater, the Battle of Perryville helped shape the broader course of the conflict and left an indelible mark on the history of the Civil War.
00:00 Introduction
00:56 The Battle of Perryville
04:53 How did we get here?
08:57 The Two Armies Move Toward a Fight
12:29 The Armies Converge on Perrysville
17:07 Passing Through the Hamlet of Perrysville
27:18 This Week's Book Recommendation
29:40 Cheatham Pushes the Attack
46:47 The Butcher's Bill
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Відео
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Aman
Given the desire to keep slavery, i don't see how a guerrilla war could have worked for the south, because a guerilla struggle requires local popular support, how would that work when theres over 3 million slaves across the south who wanted the confederates to lose? Theyd be giving union forces whatever information they could I think their best chance lay in what they did, adopting the trappings of a legitimate nation state with conventional forces and seeking recognition from Britain and France, it didn't ultimately work but it came close in late 62
The Iron Brigade almost beat the Stonewall Brigade at Second Bull Run and again at Antietam. What ruined the battle of the Corn Field was Jeb Stuart's horse battery harassing the union. Still the irony is that the Iron Brigade fought a lot of legendary confederate units at that part of the battlefield. Still the battle may have been a Union victory a lot of failures to defeat the rebs falls on many top tier commanders (McClellan, Hooker, Summer, Burnsides). I do blame Burnsides and McClellan for not taking the bridge earlier to trap the rebels on the other side of the river.
I would compare them to Hood's Texas Brigade, they always had an aura about them and carried a legend everywhere they went. Lots of blame to be had in the upper echelons of the Union Brass, thank goodness we had some strong leadership in the mid-level ranks!
My Great Grandfather James F. Miller of the 154th senior Tennessee Infantry was captured in this battle. Paroled, he was ordered back into secesh service with the same unit. He fought at Missionary Ridge, Kennesaw and Nashville. There he was captured on 12/15/64 and sent to camp Douglas, released in June 1865.
It's amazing that he survived through so many battles!
Canister was iron balls, not lead.
figure of speech, but thanks for the input.
Thank you for covering the battle of Perryville
It's a battle that doesn't get enough attention!
if the south was going to win the battle he needed to attack. The south had no chance once the other northern corps arrived.
I don't think it was a decission to win or lose the battle, it was a decission to fight when you didn't have conrol of the ground.
In the end the loss here saved many lives by putting a speedy end to the rebellion and slavery
This can be said about the entire war. The Confederates never had a chance.
Thank you for covering the role of the iron brigade 😊.
They really did earn their nickname!
*INFANTILE TRASH.*
He destroy the atmosphere of invincibility of Lee and generate an inflection point in the war, some like Stalingrad in the SWW, both things are too important
His decission to place the union in a fish hook formation and develop interior lines was certainly noteworthy.
Great illustrations, but I was hoping for more specific examples of strategic or tactical advantages, such as Longstreet's arrival at Second Manassas, the transportation of Longstreet's Corps to the Chickamauga battlefield, and the Union's transportation of the XI and XII Corps to the west to counter that Confederate victory.
You have some great examples, some of which I've used in other videos. I usually do a few "short" videos that require much less research and writing to help me with avoiding burn-out. Most major operations involved some type of railroad movement, and it would be very easy fro a short episode to turn into an epic. Thank you watch and I greatly appreciate the feedback and hope you understand my response.
I located Birmingham MS. It's listed with Saltillo. Classed as a neighborhood. BTW, I live in Natchez location for The Horse Soldiers. Jefferson Academy is right down the road.
It sounds like you're in a great spot to get familiar with the history of the raid.
@maddhattalscivilwarhistory2728 Well, I grew up in Tippah and Clay counties.
Birmingham AL? Or was there a Birmingham MS?
There is both.
America 1st ...... maga baby maga 👍
Dude, get help
Put the lime in the coconut and call me in the morning ....
I believe it's spelled 'Merica
Live life to the fullest...or not.
Sorry, coconuts are too expensive these days. Can I use one of my wife's panty hose containers?
Why hasn’t the history channel given you a show yet?? You’re doing what Civil War Journal did back in the late 90s and early 2000s!!
Because I read poorly, I often make mistakes, and I have too much fun making these videos 🙃 Thank you very much for the kind words, it really helps keep me motivated.
Ok it’s kinda messed up Britain called itself neutral and built pirate ships for the confederates
Almost like paying one country, sneding them arms and claiming it's for the "balance of power" in the region...hmmm! Somethings never change.
John Ford's The Horse Soldiers is based on this raid, great flick, watched it last night
Started it a few days ago lol
It's available on Prime if you have it.
The Horse Soldiers movie was based on this raid.Much artistic license taken by Hollywood of course, but it drove home the horror of war
Yea, the description of the movie states it "based" on the Grierson Raids
Wasn't a John Wayne movie based on this video?
The 1959 movie The Horse Soldiers is loosely based on the true story of Grierson's Raid
Superb report on a significant action often overlooked in the many discussions on the Vicksburg campaign. How about a report on the Mine Creek battle; the biggest cavalry engagement west of the Mississippi?
I'll add it to my list! Thanks for the suggestion!
@@maddhattalscivilwarhistory2728How about the battle of Apache Pass?
Why not go down east of the mississippi on the meridan railroad and then head west instead of stuffing around for 6 months on the west bank???
When you write "Meridan Railway", do you mean the Mobile & Ohio Railroad that ran through Meridian, Mississippi?
The Mobile & Ohio Railroad did indeed pass through Meridian, Mississippi.
Always good hearing about the other Illinois outfits. My great great granddaddy was in the 5th Illinois volunteer Calvary company A. They were over freeing the slaves in Phillips County, Arkansas by Helena. When Colonel Garrison was doing his raid. After burning a mile wide path across Phillips County, the 5th Illinois crossed the Mississippi at the end of May 1863.
It sounds like your ancestor was part of some important actions, what a great story!
@@maddhattalscivilwarhistory2728Seems to me, that cavalryman was part of a larger contingent of blue vandals, where l come from! And where l come from, its cornbread & chicken! Real Texicans don't have nuthin' fer a bluebelly, 'cept one in the brainpan or a googe with a pigsticker. DEO VINDICE How ya like me now? I'm evoking my 1st.Amendment rights on free speech for the above text. See ya in court YOU TUBE
Great job covering an event that is not covered nowadays.
Thank you! Grierson is one of my favorite topics.
Another story for the ages
The 1959 movie The Horse Soldiers is loosely based on the true story of Grierson's Raid, funny thing is, I've never seen the movie ☺
Funny how a story can be told different by different people ....
Thats what makes it interesting too. I'm sure that we'll get different stories from the participants. @Paulftate
Sure, how many different accounts of Culps Hill and Little Round Top are near polar opposite of each other.
That's why I love history!
When I was in the 8th grade I did a social studies project on the battle of Champion Hill. It took me all the way to the state finals. This battle was certainly proof of Grant's genius and Pemperton's incompetence.
Oh wow! What drew you towards this battle?
@@maddhattalscivilwarhistory2728 It was something obscure no one had talked about at my level of education at that time. 8th grade in 1992 or 1993, no one was doing Social Studies projects on such nuanced topics. Everyone was doing stuff that was more blunt and less precise. I decided to do something that would more likely win competitions. Now, I will say it helped a lot to be a Civil War buff at that time.
South Carolina is the most badass or rebellious group in the Union. They started a war with America and succeeded and called itself The Confederacy. I know other states followed SC into rebellion. I believe SC was the last state to rejoin the union. I just remember always not bring surprised by South Carolina or Florida..
They certainly did get things off with a bang. Georgia was the last to rejoin the Union in June of 1870. South Carolina rejoined the United States on July 9, 1868, after meeting the requirements of Reconstruction
I can’t handle the cadence of this man’s speech. All his sentences have the same rhythm. He desperately needed speech therapy. Going to unsubscribe.
Thank you for the kind and obliging comments! I see what you are saying...your videos are so much better, and your voice is incredible. I consider you a fine mentor and look forward to learning so much more from your tutelage! Happy New Year!
I think 100% is right against McClellan any critizism after the battle of Antiatem, that McClellan did not follow the battle in the Second day. I think against Mead any critizism is not right after 3 days battle he did not follow Lee at once, However Rosecranse could see his troops they were avaible to follow the enemy in the second day battle or not. Grant was too far to know and to decide.
Yea, we can and should question the actions of our top generals, you mentioned so really important decissions and I firmly believe, right or wrong each decission should be examined closely.
Thanks, I liked the book review you added
I'm glad you enjoyed it!
Coolest Battle in the Civil War
Interesting...why would you consider this particular battle to be the coolest?
1. First off grid invasion. 200 miles from railhead 2. Union outnumbered but on the offense 3. Upside down battlefield. North is South and South was North 4. Steve Earle 5.Lots of Germans. 6. Confederate follies that plagued it the entire War on full display. 7. Victory to far away to solve Log problem. 8. Everybody showed up
I feel like Warren did not do very well in this campaign. Sheridan was kinda insubordinate to Meade through out I think and Grant probably should have separated them which he eventually did. Still the mission was to press Lee and that was done.
He certainly seemed a little off during these engagements. I don’t think him and Grant got along very well.
Which commanders who you blame on the union side for why the Mule Shoe could not be captured? Some people do blame Burnside for not timing his attack properly.
Hancock: As the commander of the II Corps, Hancock was responsible for leading the attack on the Mule Shoe. His decision to launch the assault from the north, near its tip, was a strategic move, but the execution faced significant challenges. Upton: He devised a bold plan to use a compact, dense formation to break through the Confederate defenses. While his assault initially succeeded in breaching the Mule Shoe, the lack of immediate support and reinforcements allowed Confederate forces to regroup and counterattack. Not saying that the lack of support was his fault, but it was certainly something he should have coordinated. Burnside: Some historians argue that Burnside's delay in committing his troops to the attack contributed to the failure. His hesitation and the subsequent piecemeal approach to the assault allowed the Confederates to reinforce their positions and repel the Union forces. (See above) I can’t really say any one general can be singled out, even Grant should share in the blame. The combination of these factors, along with a strong Confederate defense and the chaotic nature of the battle, ultimately led to the Union's inability to capture the Mule Shoe.
One of the great Union disadvantages is the press bias in favor of the confederacy even to a lesser degree in the north. Free press in the south was suppressed
Sometimes I feel the press was more poloarizing in the civil war period then it is now. Reports of battle casualties were over/under stated, and conflicts between generals were over stated to serve their readers view points. One of these days, I'm going to do a deep dive into the press and their impact on the war.
You forgot that general banks burned down city of Alexandria while retreating
I didn't "forget", the stories of that incident are more complex then just Banks giving an order to burn Alexandria. There's a lot of opinions about this event that could fill an entire episode.
He was a traitor and guilty of treason
I'm reading The Lost Indictment of Robert E. Lee right now, intersting stuff. I also have an episode typed out about the poltics that took place at the end of the war that I might produce. You're right on both accounts, he was a traitor and he was guilty of treason, but was it worth disrupting a (semi) peaceful transition just to see Lee hanged? There's good arguments for both sides of this argument.
Great job as usual! Thank you.
Glad you enjoyed the video!
The USS Lexington was a great ship and did the country a great service that is under appreciated it even captured the confederate iron clad Uss East port
And it has a long lineage!
Thank you for covering this regiment 😊
My pleasure!
Terrific video. I really enjoy it when the battles that never seem to get much attention for some reason finally get the spot light.
Thanks for the support! Stone's River was a fascinating clash.
I can't believe you don't have more followers. I love your channel.
Thank you, I appreciate your support!
The Red River Campaign should never have happened. Poor Porter! He and his fleet went through so much unnecessary suffering as did the forces under Bank's command. I have no doubt Taylor never forgave Smith for not letting him pursue the retreating Federals with more forces and remained bitter toward him for the rest of their days. As for the Federals, what a waste of men and resources. Bank's already bad reputation was made worse by this disaster. The biggest lesson to be learned from this: never let a politician with no military experience be in command of a major operation!
I have always wondered if the Federal ignored Texas and further west, would the Confederates been able to gather their forces, take over Texas and renewed the war from the west. Thinking out loud though, I feel like the rough terrain and having to deal with the Indians might have made it difficult to build a substantial army.
1. Very glad you made a vid for JBG, definitely underrated as others have mentioned 2. SO sick of the Battle of Monacacy getting glossed over, just like the similarly impressive Union General who opposed him there, Lew Wallace (they met after the war in a friendly exchange in the White House 30 years later when Gordon confessed Wallace was the only Union general to have "whipped him") 3. Re: Appomattox, the exchange between Chamberlain and Gordon may have been greatly embellished by the former, as he was known to do; nevertheless, both were there, and a level of mutual respect is not in question
John B Gordon was a remarkable general, and so was Lew Wallace. Both deserve more attention.
The narrator should learn the pronunciation of place names in Louisiana before creating videos. This goes for everyone! Locals laugh and scorn non-locals on butchering these( alphabet spelt) words. There are no long distance charges on calling to get the proper pronunciation, (chamber of commerce,city hall,or other local municipal businesses). It doesn't make a person dumber, in fact it should show their intelligence by asking. There are no dumb questions, only idiotic answers!
Thanks for the feedback! I went and looked at all your videos and alas, not a single mispronounced word! WTG!!!!
Great piece Thanks
My pleasure! I hope you enjoyed the story of Kirby Smith, a truly remarkable individual.
I appreciate your use of excellent maps, photographs and art to accompany the narrative. It has been years since I visited the battlefield, but I still recall the formidable terrain complications everywhere.
Thank you, I'd love to visit the battlefield some day.
27.00, Lt. Gen. Nathaniel P. Banks? Isn't it supposed to be major general? Long have I wanted to learn more about the Red River Campaign, thanks for doing that to an extent in this video. Would you consider Smith to be among the Confederacy's best or worst generals? I can see Taylor as being the better general. Smith in a way, even though he didn't wear them in photos, reminds me of Marshal Davout, also known for his spectacle wearing. I was stunned at what I learned of his time being in charge of the Trans-Mississippi in the latter stages of the war. Good thing he wasn't in charge for a very long time. It made sense he eventually returned to something he was good at prior to the war. Thanks again!
I'm working on a longer version of the Red River Campaign. It should be out Saturday or Sunday. I think Smith was perhaps a better leader, while Taylor was a better tactician, if that makes sense. What Smith did to hold his theater together was rather remarkable, especially given the fact it was ranked so low on the Confederate priority list.
@maddhattalscivilwarhistory2728 I 😘 l forward to the series on the Red River Campaign, especially since it features William B. Franklin, a general who doesn't get a lot of attention.
Thank you for covering General Kirby Smith career.
You're welcome! He was a very interesting gentleman, who I knew very little about before I started my research. I found the idea of Kirbysmithdom an interesting twist in the political nature of the Confederacy.
@maddhattalscivilwarhistory2728 Yes his name came up in Shelby Foote book as did Zackery Taylor's son . Great job.
Thank you!
Thank you for the clear presentation and visual depiction of this multi-phase battle. The maps, artwork and narrative presentation helped me to understand the ebb and flow and eventual end of the fighting.
You’re welcome! Glad you enjoyed the presentation.
What american. Equaled by few out done by none. Just one incredible individual One reason we enjoy the freedom we have today
...and he's a Pennsylvanian!