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Biblical Clarity
Australia
Приєднався 23 жов 2016
This is a teaching ministry of Andrew Courtis. Affirms the consensus of the historic Reformed confessions.
Andrew serves as the Senior Pastor at Emmanuel Baptist Church, Sydney, Australia.
Andrew is the husband of Dianne and father of three. He undertook theological studies at Adelaide College of Ministries (BMin), Presbyterian Theological College (MATh), and the Master's Seminary (DMin). He also studied education at Monash University (GradDipEd).
Andrew serves as the Senior Pastor at Emmanuel Baptist Church, Sydney, Australia.
Andrew is the husband of Dianne and father of three. He undertook theological studies at Adelaide College of Ministries (BMin), Presbyterian Theological College (MATh), and the Master's Seminary (DMin). He also studied education at Monash University (GradDipEd).
Blessed Assurance: Comfort, Clarity, and Certainty (John 14:1–14) by Andrew Courtis
Blessed Assurance: Comfort, Clarity, and Certainty (John 14:1-14) by Andrew Courtis was preached at Emmanuel Baptist Church, Glenwood in Sydney Australia, on the Lord's Day of the 26th of January 2025.
#biblicalclarity #gospelofjohn #assurance #jesuschrist #andrewcourtis #sydney
#biblicalclarity #gospelofjohn #assurance #jesuschrist #andrewcourtis #sydney
Переглядів: 5
Відео
Defection, Denial, and the Deep Love of Jesus (John 13:18-38) by Andrew Courtis
Переглядів 321 годину тому
Defection, Denial, and the Deep Love of Jesus (John 13:18-38) was preached by Andrew Courtis at Emmanuel Baptist Church, Glenwood in Sydney Australia, on the Lord's Day of the 19th January 2025. #biblicalclarity #jesuschrist #gospelofjohn #andrewcourtis #betrayal #prayer
Supreme Humility (John 13:1-17)
Переглядів 5День тому
Supreme Humility (John 13:1-17) was preached by Andrew Courtis at Emmanuel Baptist Church, Glenwood in Sydney Australia, on the Lord's Day morning of the 12th of January 2025. #biblicalclarity #gospelofjohn #jesuschrist #humility #footwashing #cross #andrewcourtis #banneroftruth #sydney #australia
Glory Rejected (John 12:37-50) by Andrew Courtis
Переглядів 421 день тому
Glory Rejected (John 12:37-50) by Andrew Courtis was preached at Emmanuel Baptist Church, Glenwood in Sydney Australia, on the Lord's Day morning of Sunday the 5th of January 2025. #biblicalclarity #glory #gospelofjohn #unbelief #salvation #jesuschrist #andrewcourtis #sydney
The Glory of the Cross (John 12:20-36) by Andrew Courtis
Переглядів 321 день тому
The Glory of the Cross (John 12:20-36) was preached by Andrew Courtis at Emmanuel Baptist Church, Glenwood in Sydney Australia, on the Lord's Day morning of the 29th of December 2024. #biblicalclarity #newyear #gospelofjohn #cross #jesuschrist #glory #andrewcourtis #sydney #banneroftruth
The Triumphal Entry (John 12:12-19) by Andrew Courtis
Переглядів 521 день тому
The Triumphal Entry (John 12:12-19) was preached by Andrew Courtis at Emmanuel Baptist Church, Glenwood in Sydney Australia, on the Lord's Day morning of the 22nd of December 2024. #biblicalclarity #gospelofjohn #jesuschrist #victory #king #andrewcourtis #sydney
Lavish Love (John 12:1-11) by Andrew Courtis
Переглядів 421 день тому
Lavish Love (John 12:1-11) was preached by Andrew Courtis at Emmanuel Baptist Church, Glenwood in Sydney Australia, on the Lord's Day morning on the 15th of December 2024. #biblicalclarity #gospelofjohn #love #worship #expensive #jesuschrist #andrewcourtis
The Plot to Kill Jesus (John 11:45-57) by Andrew Courtis
Переглядів 121 день тому
The Plot to Kill Jesus (John 11:45-57) was preached by Andrew Courtis at Emmanuel Baptist Church, Glenwood in Sydney Australia, on the Lord's Day morning on the 1st of December 2024. #biblicalclarity #gospelofjohn #jesuschrist #conspiracy #andrewcourtis #sydney
The King and His Men (2 Samuel 23) by Andrew Courtis
Переглядів 521 день тому
The King and His Men (2 Samuel 23) by Andrew Courtis #biblicalclarity #2samuel #jesuschrist #expositorypreaching #andrewcourtis #sydney
Christ our Wisdom by Andrew Courtis
Переглядів 521 день тому
Christ our Wisdom was preached by Andrew Courtis at Emmanuel Baptist Church, Glenwood in Sydney Australia, on the Lord's Day evening service on Sunday the 5th of January 2025. #biblicalclarity #wisdom #jesuschrist #banneroftruth #andrewcourtis #expositorypreaching #sydney
The True Israel (Hosea 11:1 and Matt. 2:13-15) by Andrew Courtis
Переглядів 921 день тому
The True Israel (Hosea 11:1 and Matt. 2:13-15) by Andrew Courtis at Emmanuel Baptist Church, Glenwood in Sydney Australia, on the Lord's Day evening on the 8th of December 2024. #biblicalclarity #jesuschrist #emmanuel #israel #trueisrael #andrewcourtis
Death and the Lord's Command (John 11:38-44) by Andrew Courtis
Переглядів 121 день тому
Death and the Lord's Command (John 11:38-44) was preached by Andrew Courtis at Emmanuel Baptist Church, Glenwood in Sydney Australia, on the Lord's Day morning on 1st December 2024. #biblicalclarity #gospelofjohn #death #lazarus #resurrection #eschatology #hope #jesuschrist #andrewcourtis #sydney
Death and the Lord's Care (John 11:17-37) by Andrew Courtis
21 день тому
Death and the Lord's Care (John 11:17-37) was preached by Andrew Courtis at Emmanuel Baptist Church, Glenwood in Sydney Australia, on the Lord's Day morning on the 24th of November 2024. #biblicalclarity #death #gospelofjohn #jesuschrist #care #compassion #andrewcourtis #sydney #expositorypreaching
Death and the Lord's Control (John 11:1-8) by Andrew Courtis
Переглядів 321 день тому
Death and the Lord's Control (John 11:1-8) was preached by Andrew Courtis at Emmanuel Baptist Church, Glenwood in Sydney Australia, on the Lord's Day on the 17th of November 2024. #biblicalclarity #gospelofjohn #jesuschrist #death #hope #comfort #andrewcourtis
Our only Comfort in Life and Death (John 11:1-16) by Andrew Courtis
Переглядів 221 день тому
Our only Comfort in Life and Death (John 11:1-16) was preached by Andrew Courtis at Emmanuel Baptist Church, Glenwood in Sydney Australia, on the Lord's Day morning of the 10th of November 2024. #biblicalclarity #gospelofjohn #death #hope #comfort #jesuschrist #andrewcourtis #expositorypreaching #emmanuel #sydney
The King Returns (2 Samuel 19:9-43) by Andrew Courtis
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The King Returns (2 Samuel 19:9-43) by Andrew Courtis
The Magnificat (Luke 1:46-56) by Andrew Courtis
Переглядів 321 день тому
The Magnificat (Luke 1:46-56) by Andrew Courtis
Plain Proof that Jesus is the Son of God (John 10:31-42) by Andrew Courtis
Переглядів 321 день тому
Plain Proof that Jesus is the Son of God (John 10:31-42) by Andrew Courtis
Repeat the Sounding Joy! by Andrew Courtis
Переглядів 121 день тому
Repeat the Sounding Joy! by Andrew Courtis
Secure Salvation (John 10:22-30) by Andrew Courtis
Переглядів 921 день тому
Secure Salvation (John 10:22-30) by Andrew Courtis
One Flock and One Shepherd (John 10:16) by Andrew Courtis
Переглядів 521 день тому
One Flock and One Shepherd (John 10:16) by Andrew Courtis
The Good Shepherd (John 10:1-21) by Andrew Courtis
Переглядів 621 день тому
The Good Shepherd (John 10:1-21) by Andrew Courtis
The Man Born Blind (John 9:1-12) by Andrew Courtis
Переглядів 1121 день тому
The Man Born Blind (John 9:1-12) by Andrew Courtis
Exposing Spiritual Blindness (John 9:13-41) by Andrew Courtis
Переглядів 121 день тому
Exposing Spiritual Blindness (John 9:13-41) by Andrew Courtis
What is Your Family Tree? (John 8:37-59) by Andrew Courtis
21 день тому
What is Your Family Tree? (John 8:37-59) by Andrew Courtis
True Freedom (John 8:31-36) by Andrew Courtis
Переглядів 421 день тому
True Freedom (John 8:31-36) by Andrew Courtis
Don't Die in Your Sins (John 8:21-30) by Andrew Courtis
Переглядів 721 день тому
Don't Die in Your Sins (John 8:21-30) by Andrew Courtis
The Light of the World (John 8:12-20) by Andrew Courtis
Переглядів 521 день тому
The Light of the World (John 8:12-20) by Andrew Courtis
Caught in the Act (John 7:53-8:11) by Andrew Courtis
Переглядів 228 днів тому
Caught in the Act (John 7:53-8:11) by Andrew Courtis
Covering Up Sin (2 Samuel 11) by Andrew Courtis
Переглядів 828 днів тому
Covering Up Sin (2 Samuel 11) by Andrew Courtis
James White is well known as a Reformed Theologian. His Dividing Line ministry has been a blessing to many Christians. His debates are founded upon biblical revelation. It has been said that Theology is the Queen of the Sciences. The study of the biblical God, is a wise profession. Theology matters because it is a study of WHY we believe WHAT we believe. God bless.
Notice how Dr White spoke of the Bible his entire opening and how Abdullah is talking solely about the bible not the quran in his.
One can easily tell that Abdullah is a liar. Off the bet from both their opening statements.
abdulah is stupider than the avg five year old, barely fluent, shaking when his grift is exposed and lying like a dog.
abdulah is a pedophile worshipper that should be exiled or deported, ISLAM IS CANCER
What is the website called for the variations ?
Excellent!!!!!
This abdulah doesn't match to debate Dr. James white
Poor Abdullah!
What would you do as Muslims if Christianity was the correct religion? After you turned the Paraclete (the Holy Spirit) into a prophet and a book of poetry, sorcery and jinn ? While Jesus said that every sin is forgiven, except blasphemy against the Holy Spirit? Will you crying like the crying of the foolish virgins in BARZAKH for the door of the Kingdom of the Holy Trinity to be openned for you ?????????????????
I will ask God. Why have confused me ??? And why have you lied ??? 🙏
I would like to ask you the same. What will you Christians do if Islam was correct ?? "God is one. Do NOT say three for that is blasphemy". What is your response to God in the hereafter ??
@@Abervlad You made a mistake between the Christian God and another God who made an April 1st lie against the people regarding his prophet instead of just exalting him without crucifying anyone in his place, and there are still “fools” who believe that his “new words” are not an April 1st lie either !!!!!!!!
@Jacques414 what are you talking about ?? I didn't mistaken Triune God with any other God. Triune God is "unique". Lol "Why have you confused me ??" 1. Trinity is illogical and non-biblical. A layman like me can NEVER understand Triune God. And can NEVER find Trinity in the bible. 2. The bible have been corrupted and unperserve. The "message" itselves are full of contradiction and mistakes. "Why have you lied ??" In the bible Jesus (as) says UNgodly stuff like, "i don't know the hour, only God knows" or "the father is greater than i" or "oh God, why have you forsaken me". And many more. God DOESN'T say or do UNgodly stuff.
@@Jacques414 and now let me ask you. What excuse will you tell God, if islam were the truth ??
Abdulah Hamimi need to read more on Christian manuscripts
يا جيمس ليس القران وحده من يحرم الشرك ويقول انه لا يغتفر كتابك المقدس خاصة العهد القديم طافح بهذا الموضوع
You're missing the point the trinity is one. When God made you in his image, it was in this way. Jesus is the body representation, the father the mind, and the holy spirit is the spirit. All existing as one. You are not You're body but it is a portion of you. I hope this helps you understand what the trinity is as God has revealed. This is the image, not just the three dimensional representation we see but it transcends all dimensions in this manor.
The New Testament jesus in the Light of Old Testament is an impostor a Liar and some people also called him Lunatic and christian missionaries believe that the opposite word for Lunatic is God so jesus is a god
Thank you!
Both of you, you must read the books of Christian Prince about Islam
Quran was gathered after 300 years after the death of there profite
They casually decided to use the coldest photo ever taken of James White in their thumbnail 🔥 G-d bless Dr White a true man of G-d.
anyone with a brain capable of critical thought can see the problems with oral transmission and even transmission in general. Also, the muslim gentleman does not refute the christians claims of the inconsistencies within the quran but then goes to say they don’t exist?
Maybe the laziest of people to debate James White that I have seen.
“an ahistorical understanding”, was it? Some other time it was “a minimalist understanding”. I’m glad to know he has a very good library, but it’s hard to hear White’s points over his insistence that everyone but him has yet to master sitting upright. This time he struck me as Paul vs Jerusalem, insisting on his own legitimacy. Why? No one doubts his erudition. Strange, because in one interview he seemed super personable.
So what I got from James white is that “we don’t have the originals” And what we have is basically still being constructed and trying to be closer to what could/can be “original” SINCE WE DONT have the originals. This is absolutely ridiculous way of believing as a rational being is that believing or taking a book to be as a Salvation for hereafter, just so foolish. That’s the mess you have from a “free transmission” as compared to a controlled transmission for Qur’an compilation Orally & in written form. What I memorized as 8 or 9 year old from Qur’an I still know it verbatim. Imagine we recite 5 times a day, we finish entire Qur’an from memory in mosques, there’s a Qur’an. Memorization conference & competitions each year (where thousands of memorizers participate) imagine all that. It’s a tradition so rich and that’s how we know it was preserved perfectly as God mentioned in Qur’an. Pretty good debate, James white need to learn a bit more on “Sciences of Ahadith” and Sabat Ah’ruf.
The Quran is immoral. Eg how can allah promise someone with an endless pen*s with 70 years of orgasm?
Tell me you’ve never read the Qur’an without telling me that you’ve never read it.
Please dont worship Jesus. Jesus is muslim, a man from Palestine
Abdool bin mutah, "Please don't worship Jesus." Are you smarter than ALLAH 👉 QUR'AN ❓
QUR'AN 9:31, ٱتَّخَذُوٓا۟ أَحْبَارَهُمْ وَرُهْبَـٰنَهُمْ أَرْبَابًۭا مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلْمَسِيحَ ٱبْنَ مَرْيَمَ وَمَآ أُمِرُوٓا۟ إِلَّا لِيَعْبُدُوٓا۟ إِلَـٰهًۭا وَٰحِدًۭا ۖ لَّآ إِلَـٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۚ سُبْحَـٰنَهُۥ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ ٣١ They take their rabbis and their monks as lords rather than Allah and the Christ, the son of Mary. And they are not commanded except to serve one god. There is no god except him. Praise to him above what they partner.
1:19:28 james white is absolutely right. Abdulah sets up a standard for the texts that neither the quran or the bible lives up to, and then says that the christians can rely on the NT because it doesn't live up to that standrad. Why should I believe anything that the quran has to say about Jesus when it's a source 600 years removed. No scholar would accept that.
James White still on his sly tactics from "same standards" James White is not a good scholar he is good at dodging and steering a debate away from the focus point, that is all he ever does in all of his debates and he perfected the art of dodging, and has by his own words over various debates even contradict himself.
Debates are just mad. Its all about l know more than you syndrome.🤫 besides that james white is very tricky 🫣
A Muslim apologists vs a Christian apologists without fail, gets destroyed. Without LIES, Islam DIES
WHAT IS THE PROVE THAT ISLAM IS TRUE RELIGION AND CHRISTIANITY IS FALSE?.... Well, without a shadow of doubt, Christianity is a flawed religion with lots of contradictions a d paradoxes. How can a religion denied its core doctrines and Main b3lief systems. John 14:28: "My father is greater than l But the Christians respond that Father is Greater, and Jesus is his human son/God. But if they are all co-equal and eternal, how can one be Greater? PARADOX. John 5:30: " I cannot do anything on my own except what I hear from my Father...." But the Christians respond that Jesus is God, so how can he not follow his own will, but that of his father is they both have the same will? PARADOX. Matthew 24:36: "OF that day and hour(judgment day), no one knows, not the angels nor the son, but only God... The Christians respond that Jesus is God and omniscient, so how can he not know? This would only means that Jesus is not telling the truth, which I don't believe, or he is not God, which in that case he doesn't know....PARADOX. John 5:19: Verily Verily am telling you the truth, the son cannot do anything except what his father does.. Again, the son is dependent upon the Father, but then the Christians respond that the son is the father too, and we know that God is independent of Himself. Hmmm, why should God make His religion so complex?? The word Christianity is not in the Bible, the word Bible is not in the Bible. Christ never for once in his entire sojourn on earth ever say: I am a Christian. Christianity was created by Paul, long after Jesus left the earth. Jesus never heard of the word Christianity in his life. Paul wrote more than half of the new Testament. Paul write 14 books out of the 27 books of the Bible. Christ never pen a single statement. Why did Jesus need to die to neutralize the curse of mankind, when God is capable of Forgiving His servants. The human sacrifice was started by the pagan Greeks and Roman's. Abraham brought the end of human sacrifice by substituting with a ram. Islam on the other hand is a simple rational unambiguous religion without any paganistic elements in it. One God, One humanity, One religion subscribed by all Prophets and Messengers. Mohammad is the culmination of the earlier Prophets. Submitting to the will of the Creator sheikh Mohammed Awal ZDI
What worries me about his conviction of the three person godhead is that this is not even consensus among Christian sects, and is a well-known later development that Islamic apologist rightly identify. As a Christian, I find myself agreeing with them.
Thank you pastor courtis! I am preaching through John right now as well!
Yeah Mr white has a Point here, especially when god said in John Cap. 8 | NIV-EN 17 In your own Law it is written that the testimony of two witnesses is true. And since we the bible is a free transmition on over then 40 diferent outhor talking about the one big event wich is Christ that gives a more acurrate valid point to the message .
Islam ☪️ 🕋 cult is been exposed 😊
Abdulah Hamimi get destroyed !! ahhahaahah
This guy came to a debate on textual criticism without prior knowledge of free transmission of the New Testament? And against James White? Lol.
GOD BECAME MAN, SO THAT MAN MIGHT BECOME GOD. Saint Athanasius of Alexandria.
Complete blasphemy.
ARARIMU.....CORRECT..
NOW IF CHRIST IS PROCLAIMED AS RAISED FROM THE DEAD, HOW CAN SOME OF YOU SAY THERE IS NO RESURRECTION OF THE DEAD? THAT'S ALL HUMANITY : YOU AND ME !
Recitation is different readings, doesn't change the meaning
Thanks God for Islam ❤❤❤❤
THE TRANSMISSION OF THE QUR’AN What about the Qur'an? Has its preservation also been compromised? The author of the Qur'an makes a bold claim: “We have sent down the Qur’an Ourself, and We Ourself will guard it” [15:9]. God blessed His final revelation, the Qur’an, with something that was not bestowed on any of the prior scriptures: He promised to protect and preserve it from any corruption. You might be wondering how such a bold claim can be true in the light of what we know about the consistent corruption of previous religious scriptures throughout history, including the New Testament. Unlike other scriptures, the primary means of preserving the Qur’an has, and always will be, through memorisation: “And We have certainly made the Qur’an easy for remembrance, so is there any who will remember?” [54:17]. Is memorisation really a practical way of preserving the Qur’an? One of the ways that God made the Qur’an easy to remember is the unique style of the Qur’an itself; it has a rhyming style much like poetry. Have a think back to when you were at school. Most of us have probably forgotten many of the finer details of what we learnt at school, such as the dates of various events we studied in subjects like History, or the formulas and equations we learnt in subjects like Mathematics and Physics. This is because we haven’t used the knowledge since leaving school and human beings naturally forget things over time. What’s interesting is that many of us can easily recall the words of the nursery rhymes we used to sing in school, or even the lyrics of a song we haven’t listened to in years. The difference is that the words of nursery rhymes and the lyrics of songs have a certain rhyme and rhythm that allows us to easily recall the information even without making a conscious effort to remember it. Much in the same way, the Qur’an rhymes like poetry and has a strong rhythm, making it easy to memorise. The Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم was tasked by God with memorising, transmitting and explaining the verses of the Qur’an to the Muslims, as they were revealed from God to him through the angel Gabriel: “Truly, this Qur'an has been sent down by the Lord of the Worlds: the Trustworthy Spirit [angel Gabriel] brought it down to your heart [Prophet], so that you could bring warning” [26:192-194]. In turn, these Muslims who had learnt the Qur'an directly from the Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم himself, known as the Companions, passed on what they had memorised to neighbouring tribes and nations. It must be re-highlighted here that the Qur’an was revealed gradually to the Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم over a period of 23 years: The disbelievers also say, ‘Why was the Qur'an not sent down to him all at once?’ We sent it in this way to strengthen your heart [Prophet]; We gave it to you in gradual revelation. [25:32] Gradual revelation facilitated the memorisation of the Qur’an by the early Muslims at large. It should be noted that the revelations of previous Prophets, such as Moses, were not gradual but rather given all at once. The Qur’an informs us about Moses: We inscribed everything for him in the Tablets which taught and explained everything, saying, ‘Hold on to them firmly and urge your people to hold fast to their excellent teachings. I will show you the end of those who rebel.’ [7:145] This legacy of mass memorisation has continued throughout Islamic history. Muslims today have no doubt about the perfect preservation of the Qur’an. This oral tradition spanning nearly 1,500 years has seen the Qur’an being passed down from teacher to student in an unbroken chain going all the way back to the Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم himself. Today, it is estimated there are many millions of Muslims who have memorised the entire Qur'an, from cover to cover, in its original Arabic. This is a testament to the promise made by God to protect the Qur’an. Orientalist scholar William Graham stated that the Qur’an is perhaps the only book, religious or secular, that has been memorised completely by millions of people [92]. Here are just a few examples of what some other non-Muslim textual scholars have to say about the preservation of the Qur’an:Orientalist A.T. Welch writes: For Muslims the Qur’an is much more than scripture or sacred literature in the usual Western sense. Its primary significance for the vast majority through the centuries has been in its oral form, the form in which it first appeared, as the “recitation” chanted by Muhammad to his followers over a period of about twenty years… The revelations were memorized by some of Muhammad’s followers during his lifetime, and the oral tradition that was thus established has had a continuous history ever since, in some ways independent of, and superior to, the written Qur’an… Through the centuries the oral tradition of the entire Qur’an has been maintained by the professional reciters. Until recently, the significance of the recited Qur’an has seldom been fully appreciated in the West. [93] Bible scholar Kenneth Cragg reflects that:This phenomenon of Qur’anic recital means that the text has traversed the centuries in an unbroken living sequence of devotion. It cannot, therefore, be handled as an antiquarian thing, nor as a historical document out of a distant past. The fact of hifdh (Qur’anic memorisation) has made the Qur’an a present possession through all the lapse of Muslim time and given it a human currency in every generation, never allowing its relegation to a bare authority for reference alone. [94] It must be pointed out that almost every Muslim of the estimated 1.5 billion Muslims in the world memorises at least some parts of the Qur’an in Arabic, in order to be able to pray like the Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم .In fact, if every written copy of religious scriptures in existence today were to be somehow destroyed, then it is only the Qur’an that could be recreated perfectly, thanks to its mass memorisation. Those who memorise the Qur'an are people of all ages. The vast majority are not Arabs and don’t even speak Arabic as a language. The oral tradition of the Qur’an is a phenomenon unique to Islam. Is there any reason to doubt the reliability of the oral tradition? The estimated millions throughout the world who have memorised the Qur’an have learnt it via a direct transmission starting from the Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم himself. The implications of this are astonishing. If millions of people who have memorised the Qur’an can trace their oral memorisation of the Qur’an, down the centuries of teachers and scholars, all the way back to the Prophet himself, who could doubt the authenticity of this oral tradition? Especially if these millions of memorisers live in different places in the world, and have learnt the Qur’an from different teachers and scholars. The amount of varying oral transmissions and the amount of people who have learnt the Qur’an, and the fact there are no discrepancies in what they have memorised, is not a historical accident. The conclusion can only be that the Qur’an memorised today is the one that was taught over 1,400 years ago. There is no other rational explanation for this unique oral phenomenon, unless someone argues that all of these memorisers throughout the ages - at different points in time and different places in the world - somehow came together to ensure that they all memorised and recited the exact same Qur’an. To pose such an argument, however, is conspiratorial and absurd. Earlier we saw examples of numerous fabrications that made their way into the New Testament. Such changes to the Qur’an are impossible when we consider the nature of its revelation and transmission. Unlike the New Testament, the verses of the Qur’an were witnessed by multitudes of the Prophet Muhammad's صلى الله عليه وسلم companions at their first point of revelation, so we have mass eyewitness testimony. Moreover, the entire Qur’an was memorised by a large number of companions during the Prophet Muhammad’s صلى الله عليه وسلم lifetime and then rapidly transmitted far and wide. This oral tradition of memorisation facilitated the rapid spread of the Qur’an because anyone can memorise and so, unlike the New Testament, the illiteracy of the masses did not hinder its preservation. It is literally impossible for anyone who transmitted the Qur’an to invent stories, like the stoning of the adulteress that we looked at earlier in the Gospel of John, and for those fabrications to then go on to become part of the accepted Qur’an because they would immediately be caught out by the other memorisers. Additionally, from the beginning, its transmission was on such a large scale by people whose opinions and concerns were so different that it would have been impossible for them to collude in corrupting the Qur’an.
TAJWEED So far we have discussed the preservation of the Qur'an from the point of view of its linguistic content, the words and verses that make it up. Amazingly, we can take things a step further. In addition to the mass memorisation of the content of the Qur'an, another unique aspect of its preservation is that the rules and regulations for pronouncing each individual letter have also been safeguarded. This ensures that Muslims not only recite the same content as the Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم ,but also in exactly the same style. You may be wondering to yourself, why is this important? Perhaps the easiest way to appreciate the significance of preserving the recitation style of the Qur'an is a comparison with the game of Telephone. Just in case you are not familiar with this game, the first person will whisper a message to the person next to them, who will then do the same with the person next to them and so on and so forth until the message reaches the last person in the chain. You then compare the message between the first and last person to see how much it has changed. Typically, what you find is that by the time the message reaches the final person, it has changed significantly Let's take a look at a simple example to make things clear. Imagine the first person says the following message to the person next to them: "We are going to advance. Send reinforcements." This person then passes on the message but shortens "We are" because the first person spoke very quickly: "We're going to advance. Send reinforcements." The next person then passes on the message as follows and changes "advance" because the second person didn't pronounce the letter 'v' correctly: "We're going to a dance. Send reinforcements." Finally, the last person changes the end of the message because English is not their first language and they are unfamiliar with the word "reinforcements": "We're going to a dance. Send four cents." As you can see there are various reasons why the message has changed by the time it reaches the ear of the last person. For example, the people in the group may speak at different speeds, they may intonate their words differently, and they may even have different regional accents, which could lead to letters of the alphabet being pronounced differently. Ultimately, what this demonstrates is that, without a systematic means of ensuring the preservation of the recitation style of the Qur'an - that is, the correct pronunciation of each letter of the Arabic alphabet, the speed of its recitation, the stopping points in the verses and so on - its mass memorisation would be like a giant unsupervised game of Telephone. Changes would inevitably creep in over time, as they did in the Bible. What did inspire Muslims to pay such attention to detail? When God revealed the Qur’an to the Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم ,it was recited to him in a specific manner. The Qur’an itself commands Muslims to recite it in this same specific way: “...recite the Qur'an slowly and distinctly” [73:4]. Therefore, Muslims throughout history have placed great importance on how they recite the Qur'an. This has led to the creation of an intricate science known as Tajweed. Tajweed sets out rules and regulations to preserve the Prophet Muhammad's صلى الله عليه وسلم recitation style. The fact that today we can find millions of Muslims of all different nationalities able to recite the Qur’an, as if they themselves were Arabs living during the time of the Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم ,is proof of the effectiveness of this science in preserving the aural integrity of the text. This is in spite of the fact that there is no internationally-centralised religious organisation to administer such preservation. Further evidence for the reliability of this method of preserving the Qur’an lies in the recitation of the Qur’an itself. In millions of mosques throughout the world, every day, these memorisers who originate from different parts of the world, and learnt at the feet of different scholars, mix together and recite the Qur’an with one another. Any mistakes in recitation are immediately corrected by the congregation, and yet there is never any disagreement about the Qur’an itself. Now you can appreciate why Muslims have certainty in the perfect preservation of the Qur’an. Not only do we have to believe it from a theological perspective, but we also know it to be true from a historical and experiential one.
LANGUAGE As has been discussed so far, the Qur’an has been preserved in both content and recitation style. To this we can add that the Qur’an has also been preserved in meaning. Why is this important? You can’t separate language from scripture. As God states below, the Qur’an is tied to the Arabic language: “We have made it a Qur'an in Arabic...” [43:3]. So if we were to lose the Arabic language, we would also lose the Qur’an. There is not much benefit in having the perfect preservation of the content of a scripture if we have lost the meanings of the words it is written in. You may be wondering, can languages really change in drastic ways over time? Let's take English as an example. If we were living in 14th century England, the word 'nice' would have a very different meaning from how we use it today. This word is derived from the Latin 'nescius', meaning “ignorant”. The word began life in the 14th century as a term for “foolish” or “silly”. Later, it took on the more neutral attributes of shyness and reserve. Later, in the 18th century, English society’s admiration of such qualities brought on the more positive meanings of “nice” we know today. Even with this simple example, I'm sure you can appreciate the impact this can have on our understanding of a text. If we don't take great care in preserving the original meanings of words, then our understanding of ancient texts can become distorted. Even worse, languages can be lost completely. The ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphs are a good example. This language, which can be found in the Pyramids and is made up of pictures rather than words, was lost for thousands of years when the ancient Egyptian civilisation became extinct. These examples demonstrate the important role that language plays in the preservation of any text. The oldest Arabic language dictionary in existence was published within two hundred years after the death of the Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم . The early compilation of Arabic dictionaries has ensured that none of the meanings of the words of the Qur’an have ever been lost. To put this into perspective, with the Judaic tradition, the Torah was originally revealed to Moses over three thousand years ago, making it over 1,500 years older than the Qur'an. However, the first Hebrew dictionary wasn’t created until the 10th century [95] - some two thousand years after the revelation of the Torah and three hundred years after the Qur'an. Hebrew was a dead language from the 2nd century CE until the foundation of Israel in 1948 [96]. As a consequence of this, Bible scholars had to turn to the vocabulary found in Arabic dictionaries to assist in understanding the many obscure and problematic Hebrew words in the Old Testament. Arabic and Hebrew are both part of the Semitic family of languages and so they have many similarities. This is why the Arabic language has been used since the Middle Ages to understand difficult words and expressions in biblical Hebrew. Even to the present day, commentaries and articles written by Bible scholars regularly cite evidence from Arabic in support of a particular meaning for a Hebrew word or passage [97]. It's a very interesting point that in order to fully understand Hebrew, the language of the Old Testament, Bible scholars have to rely on classical Arabic, the language of the Qur’an!
جزاك الله خيرا
He's preaching in Australia. Australia is familiar with rodent populations absolutely swarming and inundating areas, eating and destroying everywhere and every thing they invade. When the food is gone, they will then attack and eat each other until they are all gone, but a few. This craziness will destroy itself.
The whole world will go into disorder IF Islam allows for a critical text. There will be people probably be threatened and have to flee for their lives if they are really honest about the critical textual variants in the Koran. It will get shutdown or be a perverted process.
The Word of God is the Truth and the only Truth. Praise God and the Lord Jesus Christ!🙏❤️Amen
There are a lot of Christian apologists out there like Dr james. But dont want to be exposed on social media. Rather, they do their apologist in person with muslim and others. God bless you all!