Відео

Amazing class 😂with very active students😂😂😂...thank you sir...

It was such a amazing class ,..thank you sir you're the best Ever

My question is does the orders in these lines of constructor ... Shipment (double w, double h, double d, double m, double c){ super (w,h,d,m) have any effect to the output?

very informative. It was a challenge to store scores into the file at first but after some practice I am now able to do so without much problems

an organization is a formal structure that converts the enviromental or external resources to an output. classifications of organisations...divided into categories; Enterpreneural structure; the young farms, machine bureaucracy; a large or mid size manufacturing companies, divisionalized bureaucracy; combining machine bureaucracy, profesional bureaucracyan; organisation that is kwoledged based; , and ocracy..

Information system existed way back before the invention of computer but information technology existed after the pre mechanical error Data in non-computer based system was non-electrical in nature it used to be stored in physical formats which prevents unauthorised remote access making it less vulnerable to digital threats but it is less durable to the person writing the book he can accidentally spill water on it and also the paper and ink will degrade with time,the data is processed manually making it to be slower, more prone to errors and less efficient when dealing with large data. They include :Telephone books,card base index system (a membership card that one had to have to be able to access the library) and the file Carbinate. Computer based systems are efficient, accurate, are faster and its easy to hundle large amounts of data making it more effective in modern information systems

In information systems, various professionals play key roles in the development, operation, and management of systems. 1. Creators of Information SystemsThese include: 2. Systems Analysts They bridge business needs with system design, translating requirements into detailed design documents. They may work with programmers or integrate off-the-shelf components. Programmers They write code to fulfill design specifications, requiring strong skills in programming languages and mathematics. Computer Engineers They design hardware and software, including hardware engineers (designing components like microprocessors), software engineers (creating programming languages and operating systems), systems engineers (integrating hardware and software), and network engineers (designing communication systems). 2. *Information-Systems Operations and Administration* 3. Computer Operators They manage mainframe computers and other systems, ensuring they run smoothly and stay updated. Database Administrators (DBAs) They handle the creation and maintenance of databases, working with analysts and programmers. Help-Desk/Support Analysts They provide first-line support to users, resolving technical issues and often working with senior analysts for complex problems. Trainers They educate users on new systems and technologies, requiring strong communication skills and patience. 3. *Managing Information Systems* Chief Information Officer (CIO) They oversee the information-systems function, aligning it with organizational goals, handling budgeting, strategic planning, and personnel management. Although technical expertise is helpful, strong management and business skills are crucial. - *Functional Managers* In larger organizations, these managers oversee specific functions within the information-systems department and report to the CIO. Each role is essential to the successful development, maintenance, and management of information systems within organizations.

i came to understand that Information systems rely on different roles to function effectively. Creators, like system designers, developers, and analysts, are responsible for building and designing the system. Operational roles, such as computer operators, database administrators, help desk support, and trainers, keep the system running smoothly. Management roles, including the Chief Information Officer, functional managers, and enterprise resource managers, oversee the system's overall performance. Each role is crucial in ensuring the information system is effective and meets the users' needs.

Creators of information system are technical people with background in programming and mathematics ...various roles of IS ..1) system analyst: identifying basic needs of the system..and convert the needs to design 2) programmer: spend their time and write codes in a programming language 3) computer engineer: design the computing devices...are categorised as hardware engineer, software engineer, system engineer, Network engineer, etc INFORMATION SYSTEM OPERATIONS AND ADMINISTRATION.. 1) computer operator: people who keeps the large computers running 2) database administrator: a person who manages the database for an organisation 3) support analyst: is the front line of support for computer users in the company 4) trainer: conducts classes and teach comp skills MANAGEMENT OF INFORMATION SYSTEM 1) CIO: is the Head of the information system function 2)functional manager: to report to CIO and manager the employees

Please do ABMA LEVEL 6 UNITS TOO

From this video I have leant that super() can be used in two ways; 1. to call the superclass constructor 2. to access a member of the superclass that has has actually been hidden by a member of a subclass.

I learnt how superclass variable references a subclass object. we referred to a superclass box and created an object weightbox to access volume and weight from the class Boxweight. Another object (plainbox) that reference to the box that do not have weight defined in it was assigned the weightbox which in return enabled box to have access to the parts that the subclass had added to it.

Sub-classes have no access to members of the super-class that are declared as private. If we have a super-class A and a subclass B and we declare a member in A as private, any function in A will access the member but B will not access the private A’s member. Java shows an error whenever we try accessing the private A’s member that is not visible hence will be committing access violation.

I learnt subclass and super-classes. Super-class is the class being inherited while subclass is the class that inherits. Subclass has access to all the public members of its super-class. In java we cannot have a class being a super-class to itself and we cannot have two super-classes to a subclass.

Java support poly-morphism. In method overloading, java will call methods depending on the type and number of arguments and parameters. In constructor overloading, The proper overloaded constructor is called based upon the parameter specified when new is executed

I learnt constructors meaning which is they Initialize objects immediately it is created. It has the same name with the class and is of the same syntax as the method. They don’t have return type because what they are returning is the implicit return type of the class. Java creates a default constructor for the class and initializes the instance variables to 0 when the programmer fails to define their own constructor. Such a case is not proper if the programmer needs to create complicated classes. We can also use the keyword “this.” to refer to the object that invoked the method. Instance variable hiding happen in cases where the local variable has the same name as instance variable and java hides the instance variable. Garbage collection in java is when there is no reference to an object in the program and java takes it as though the object is no longer needed and as a result it destroys that object to free the space for more operations. Finalize () method holds that object just before the object is destroyed by garbage collector.

It takes the general form Type methodname (parameterlist){ Method body } We can add methods to access instance variables or methods that are internally used by the class itself. The type of data returned by the methods must be compatible with the return type specified by the method. If the return type of the method is of the type integer, then the method should be returning int unless we do an explicit conversion. Methods also need parameters. A parameter is variable defined by a method and receives values when the method is called. It is more efficient to use parameterized methods as it will be taking the variables as parameters hence minimizing mistakes and repetition.

Classes defines nature and shape of object. It creates a template of an object. The keyword class is used to declare a class and a class-name given before giving it the instance variables. Class instance are variables declared within a class. Example is int length, width, height. In the main, we use the class to create the object then give it a unique name then the new keyword then the class constructor. eg Box mybox = new Box. The new keyword allocates memory for the object mybox during the runtime. We Use the dot operator to access the class instance variable like myBox.length, myBox.width and myBox.height and we can store values in it like 10, 15, 12. respectively. We can compute the volume by declaring a variable vol and giving it the formula myBox.length *myBox.width*myBox.height. We can finally print the vol. The new keyword gives the program an advantage in that it can create as much objects as need to avoid runtime exceptions.

1.While loop is the most fundamental loop in java and works by repeating a block of code or a statement as long as the controlling statement is true. Takes the form while (condition){ loop body } 2.If the controlling condition returns false, the loop wont be executed since the condition is at the beginning. Do while loops have their conditions at the bottom hence are better if we need the program to execute at least once even if the controlling condition is false. It is useful in cases like menu selection whereby we would want the body of the loop to execute at least once. 3.For loop they can be the traditional for loop or the new for loop. The traditional for loop takes the form for (initialization; condition; iteration){ Body } There are situations where the initialization and the iteration are missing and only the condition is present and the loop will execute normally. 4.For each takes the form for(type iteration variable; collection) statement block; They are the enhanced for loop used mostly in Cycling through objects like in arrays.

Control statements in java has been categorized into three 1.Selection, 2.Iteration, 3.Jump Selection statements Java supports either if and switch. They enable control of program flow based on known condition during runtime of the program. If takes the general from IF (CONDITION)STATEMENT1; ELSE STATEMENT2; This means if condition executes to true, run statement1 otherwise run statement2. In the example a was initialized as 11 and b as 2 and the if else statement was if (a<b) a=0; Else b=0; we found the value of a as 11 and b as 0. meaning that the condition returned false that is why 0 was assigned to b. We are reminded of relational and boolean operators that we covered in the previous lesson that they are used in if else statements. We can have if else blocks within other if else blocks. They are referred to as nested statements. if else if ladder is a scenario in which we various many conditions even if there are others returning false and we don’t want to do anything before printing anything. In this ladder, until the condition is executed as true, the program will test the input through all the conditions and as soon as one condition executes to true the rest of the ladder is bypassed.

javas operators are in four groups; 1.Arithmetic operators (+, -, *, /, %, += ,-=, %= /+ -- *=),2.Bitwise operators3.Relational operators (== equal to ,!= not equal to ,> greater than,= greater than or equal to,<= less than or equal to) whereby the outcome is Boolean values (& logical AND | logical OR ^ Logical XOR // short circuit OR && short circuit AND ! Logical unary NOT & AND assignment |= OR assignment != not equal to == Equal) 4.Logical operators. there are also additional operators that handle special situations.

I Learnt that arrays are collection of variables of the same type referred to by a common name. there are two types: 1) one dimension arrays like a list of items. the format and declaration is type VariableName[]; VariableName = new type[size]; 2) multidimension array are arrays of arrays. every additional array requires to be specified in additional square bracket during declaration. type VariableName[][]...= neww type [size][size]... arrays are zero based in java and To access any element in an array we use their index. For VariableName[5]; will access element number six in a one dimension array.

automatic type (implicit ) conversion occur only under two conditions; compatible variables and when destination type is larger than source type. when the two types are incompatible then we use cast method that is (target-type) value. the rules that java uses to do promotion are; 1. bytes, short, and char are promoted to int, 2) one operant is long, the expression are promoted to long, 3) float promoted to float and 4) doubles result to a double.

thanks.. what I have learnt from the video are: 1. Variables Basic memory location in java program. Has identifier, type, and initializer (as an option). declared using type then type identifiers. Example int age where we are assigning a memory space of type integer and giving it the name age. Dynamic initialization In some cases, an expression has to be executed and the value obtained stored in another variable. In triangle hypotenuse for example c is obtained by using double c= Math.sqrt((a*a)- (b*b)); meaning that c is dynamically initialized and the value obtained from the other variables a and b. Scope and lifetime of variables Variables declared within a scope(local scope) are not accessed by any code outside the block.an example are variables declared in if blocks. such variables loose their lives when we exit the block. Those variables declared in the global / public scope can be accessed throughout the program.

the video has taught me a lot. I learned various primitive data types and their sizes and properties. these primitive data types are: INEGERS : Bytes, short, long, int. FLOATING POINT NUMBERS: float and double CHARACTERS; char BOOLEAN: Boolean.

Java was developed by James Gosling in 1991 but was in released in 1995. It is owned by Oracle. Usage of java: web development, desktop development, mobile development especially android, game development, distributed processing. Java features:- including it being an object oriented programming language, it is platform independent (can be used across different platforms), strong type checking, compilation and interpretation, garbage collection (automatically removing unused objects to allow reservation of space for other objects), multi-threading, secure (does not have memory links), robust (exception handling). Execution of java program: a source code (human readable language) is converted to machine language by a compiler so that the program can be run in various operating systems like windows, Linux or mac OS. Anatomy of java. Java Development Kit (JDK) --> Java Runtime Environment (JRE)--> assisted by Java Virtual Machine (JVM), Class Library (CL) components, Other Libraries. JDK this is the software that is installed in the machine. it provides a compiler that compiles the code. It has the JRE which runs the byte code. JVM is a virtual environment that is inside your program and is responsible for running the program.

I have learned that there are roles that people play in the information systems eg creators who design , develop and build it also system analysts, system programmer etc. All these roles play part in the information system. Also there are people who work in the information systems operations and Administration, their work is to keep the system running example ; computer operators, Database admin, Help desk or a support analyst and a Trainer. Each of these coordinate together to make sure the information system is running effectively. There are also people who manage the information systems which are; chief info officer, Functional manager, Enterprise resource manager etc. All in all, the information system has a lot of roles and it needs people in them that can help in making it effective to the user.

Very informative.. I can tell the differences , roles and even some small similarities of the computerized and none computerized systems.

Great content.!!!!!learnt how Computirized data and non Computirized data fairs in the realm of information system. computerized data offers significant advantages like efficiency, speed, accuracy, and the ability to handle large volumes of information. etc Non-computerized data on the other hand, is stored in physical formats like paper and processed manually. it may offer certain benefits by being less vulnerable to digital threats, it is slower, more prone to errors, and less efficient in managing large datasets. Overall, computerized data is generally more effective in modern information systems, while non-computerized data is used in specific cases where digital storage might not be suitable.

Great video.I learned that Information Systems are organized setups designed to manage data, turning it into meaningful information that supports decision-making. These systems are made up of tasks, people, structure, and technology. Computer Information Systems are a subset of IS that specifically combine people and computers to process and interpret information, relying on components like hardware, software, databases, networks, and procedures. Information systems are applied in business communication, operations management, and decision-making to enhance efficiency and effectiveness.

In summary **Information systems** are formal, socio-technical organizational setups designed to collect, process, store, and distribute information. - **Data** are raw facts with little meaning, while **information** is processed and organized data that holds significance. - The main components of an information system include tasks, people, structure, and technology. - **Computer information systems** consist of people and computers working together to process and interpret information. - The key components of a computer system are hardware, software, databases, networks, and procedures. - Information systems are used in business communication, operations management, company decision-making, and more.

Information system is a formal,social technical organisational systems that are designed to collect, process, store and distribute information. Data are raw facts and figures that have less meaning to the user while information is the processed an organised data that has meaning to the user Components that make up the information system are; 1) task 2) people 3) structure 4) technology Computer information system is a system made up of people and computers and their work is to process and interpret information Components of computer system 1) hardware 2) software 3) database 4)network 5) procedures Applications of information system 1)business communication systems 2) business operations management 3)company decision making 4)

Here what i have learnt is that a sub class can be a super class of another subclass. like boxweight is a sub class of box and the boxweight becomes a super class of shipment so shipment is a subclass of boxweight. this is possible by using super

Method overriding in Java occurs when a subclass provides a specific implementation of a method that is already defined in its parent class. It allows the subclass to modify or extend the behavior of the method inherited from the parent class.

primitive data types and their sizes and properties. these primitive data types are: INTEGERS : Bytes, short, long, int. FLOATING POINT NUMBERS: float and double CHARACTERS; char BOOLEAN: Boolean.

variable memory location in java program with Identifier=x Initialize=0; Type=int And to declare a variable is int x=0;

typeconversion in java refers to the process of converting a variable from one data type to another. Two types of type conversion where one is 1:IMPLICIT CONVERSION Here there are automatic type conversion done by the java compiler,occurs when a smaller data type converted to larger data type,No data is lost 2: EXPLICIT CONVERSION Manually done by the programmer, occurs when a larger data type is converted to a smaller data type,Data loss Example Double y=100.56; int x= 10; y=x; Here a cast operator is used to convert one data type to another...

Array in java is a data structure that allow you to store multiple values of the same type in single variable . Characteristics of array is Fixed size : once arry is created it's size cannot be Changed Index-based: array are zero indexed, meaning the first element is at index 0 and second element is at index 1,and so on.

Operator are special symbols that perform operations on variables and values. 1: Arithmetic operator perform basic mathematical operations. Addition(+), Substraction (-), Multiplication (*), Division (/) and Modulus(%)return the remainder of a division. 2: Assignment Operator assign values to variables. Simple Assignment(=) eg int x=19; Compound assignment Addition assignment (+=), Subtraction assignment (-=), Multiplication assignment (*=), Division assignment (/=)and Modulus assignment (%=) 3: Relational operator

selection is categories fall under three statements 1:if statements are best for situations where you are checking single or few condition. 2: Switch statements are ideal when you have a variable that can take multiple specific values, and you want to execute different code for each value. 3:Break statement is crucial in switch cases to prevent fall through ,where code continue to execute next case(s) even if one has already matched.

Iteration statements in java is a referred to loops,allow you to execute a block of code repeatedly.There are classified into three 1:for Loop is used when a number of iteration is known before.It consist of three parts initialization, condition and updates. 2: while Loop is used when a number of iteration isn't known and you want loop to continue running as long as certain condition is true.

class is blueprint for creating object.Is define using class keyword followed by class name. To create an object in class using new keyword followed by a call to class constructor . Field is variables that hold the data for object and method is function that define the behavior of the object .whereas Constructor is method that is being called when an object is instantiated and constructor has same name as the class and no return type .

I discovered how to use method whereas general form is method followed methodname, paran theses and curly bracket and if the method have to return a value you use return statement where you show through an example . return (double l,double w,double h); and the data type must be compatible mean same data type..

Constructor is block of code similar to a method that's called when instance of an object is created .The work is to initialize the new created object.constructor must have same name with class ,has no return type and constructor is invoked when a new object is created using new keywords.this keyword is used constructor to refer to the current instance of the class.

Method overloading in java allows you to create multiple methods within the same class that share same name but differ in the type, number and order of parameters. Constructor overloading in java allows a class to have more than one constructor, each with a different parameter list . Depending on the type of argument provided when an object is created constructor is called...

super class for which properties and behaviors are inherited. Subclass is that inherit the properties and behaviors of another class. Extends keyword is Used to indicate that a class is inheriting from another class.

Superclass the member is accessible only with the class it is defined. Subclass the private member of superclass are not accessible directly in the subclass. Even though private member is not accessible directly in the subclass.But can access it indirectly public or protected methods provided by superclass. Super keyword is used to access member of superclass from subclass ,but only if those members are accessible.

Multi level hierarchy refers to a types of inheritance where a class is derived from another class ,which is also derived from another and so on.This form a chain of inheritance where a subclass inherits from another super class and another super class inherits from super class...

I've come to understand that variables declared within a specific scope are confined to that scope, meaning they cannot be accessed or used by any code outside of it. This concept is crucial for managing how data is handled within different parts of a program.

classes in the same package are inter related ..we can access class box in simpleinheritance in refdemo. This means the super class does not have to be in the same package with the subclass for it to be accessed